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	<title>Reading the Planet</title>
	<atom:link href="https://www.konkaz.com/feed/" rel="self" type="application/rss+xml" />
	<link>https://www.konkaz.com</link>
	<description>Learning to understand a changing world. 気候変動・格差・社会の変化について学び共有するブログ</description>
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	<url>https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/cropped-earth-32x32.jpg</url>
	<title>Reading the Planet</title>
	<link>https://www.konkaz.com</link>
	<width>32</width>
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	<item>
		<title>What Is the AMOC? A Beginner&#8217;s Guide to the Atlantic Ocean Circulation</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/amoc-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 23 Jul 2026 10:13:11 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22623</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[What is the AMOC? Learn how this Atlantic Ocean circulation system works, why it is important, and why scientists are concerned about its future in a warming world.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).<br><br><br><br>When reading articles about climate change, you often come across mysterious acronyms made up of nothing more than a string of capital letters. And there is one abbreviation that has been popping up everywhere lately: <strong>AMOC</strong>.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Since it&#8217;s often shown alongside illustrations of ocean currents, I always assumed it had something to do with the sea. But every time I considered looking it up, I got the feeling I was about to open the door to a rather complicated topic, so I kept putting it off. <br><br><br>As it turns out, though, AMOC is one of the most important concepts for understanding climate change. <br><br><br><br>So, in this article, let&#8217;s take a closer look at what AMOC actually is.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What is AMOC?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22603" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555958643206966;width:486px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Jenna Bash</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">First of all, <strong>AMOC</strong> ( pronounced <em>&#8220;AY-mock&#8221;</em> ) stands for <strong>Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation</strong>.<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Breaking the name down:<br><br>Atlantic = the Atlantic Ocean<br>Meridional = running from north to south<br>Overturning = water moving between the surface and the deep ocean<br>Circulation = circulation<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Simply put, </p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>AMOC is a huge ocean circulation system that moves water from north to south and south to north across the Atlantic Ocean.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>The word <strong>“meridional”</strong> comes from a geographical concept. It describes a vertical plane that passes through the Earth’s axis, including the line connecting the North and South Poles.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Warm seawater is lighter, so it flows along the surface of the ocean. On the other hand, seawater cooled in the northern ocean becomes saltier as sea ice forms, making it denser and causing it to sink into the deep ocean.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In other words, when we look at the Atlantic Ocean from a north–south cross-section, </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>AMOC works like a giant conveyor belt: it carries warm water northward, where it cools and sinks into the deep ocean, while colder water flows back south.</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What does AMOC do?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22604" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555811542449027;width:482px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by dmx</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">To understand why AMOC is so important, we first need to understand that &#8230;  </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>ocean currents are much more than just moving seawater — they play a vital role in transporting heat around the planet.</strong> </h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>The Sun does not heat the Earth evenly. As a result, regions near the equator are much warmer, while areas closer to the North and South Poles remain much colder.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">One of the systems that helps balance this difference is the AMOC.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Think of the AMOC as a giant heat transport system. Through currents such as the Gulf Stream, it carries warm water north and sends cold, deep water back south.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Thanks to this, Europe has relatively mild winters compared with eastern Canada, even though they are located at similar latitudes.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>The influence of the AMOC is not limited to Europe.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Because the oceans constantly exchange heat and moisture with the atmosphere, changes in the AMOC can affect climates around the world, altering rainfall patterns, sea surface temperatures, marine ecosystems, and even fisheries. As a result, they could also have a wide range of impacts on our daily lives.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Why is AMOC receiving so much attention now?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22605" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555674004583977;width:509px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Hubert Neufeld</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">So, why has AMOC been receiving so much attention around the world in recent years?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The reason is that scientists believe <strong>climate change could weaken this important ocean circulation system</strong>.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">AMOC works because seawater in the North Atlantic cools, becomes denser, and sinks into the deep ocean. However, as the climate warms, large amounts of ice melt from Greenland, and the meltwater flows into the North Atlantic.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Because this water contains very little salt, it reduces the salinity of the seawater, making it less dense than before. As a result, the water that would normally sink into the deep ocean does not sink as easily, leading scientists to believe that the AMOC&#8217;s &#8220;conveyor belt&#8221; could weaken.<br><br><br><br>Scientists have not concluded that the AMOC will shut down in the near future. However, many studies suggest that it may already be weakening, and researchers around the world are actively investigating the risk that it could weaken even further in the years ahead.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What happens if AMOC weakens?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22606" style="width:504px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Hans</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">So, what would happen if the AMOC became even weaker? How might it affect our daily lives?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">If the AMOC weakens significantly, winters in Europe could become colder than they are today.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">For example, one scenario from the UK Met Office suggests that the UK&#8217;s average temperature could fall by around 5–6°C. On the other hand, summers would not simply become cooler. In some regions, rainfall could decrease, increasing the risk of drought.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Since the AMOC is closely linked to the Earth&#8217;s climate system, changes in its strength could alter rainfall patterns around the world and increase the risk of extreme weather events, including heavy rainfall and droughts.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Such changes could also affect agriculture and fisheries, with impacts that may eventually extend to food supplies and our daily lives.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Of course, this does not mean that all of these changes will happen in the immediate future. However, the AMOC is a vital system that helps regulate the Earth&#8217;s climate, and it is precisely because changes to this system could have global impacts that researchers around the world are paying close attention.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">And that brings us to the end of this article. The next time you come across the term &#8220;AMOC&#8221; in the news, I hope you will remember: &#8220;Ah, that&#8217;s the giant ocean circulation system in the Atlantic.&#8221;<br><br><br>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>AMOCとは？地球の気候を支える巨大な海のベルトコンベア</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/amoc/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 17 Jul 2026 23:37:14 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22601</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[最近注目されている「AMOC」とは何なのか？地球の気候を支える巨大な海の循環システムの仕組みと、温暖化による影響を解説します。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>どうも、コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br>気候関連の記事を読んでいると、時々アルファベットの頭文字を並べただけの謎の略語が出現します。<br>&#8230;とは以前の記事でも書きましたが、その中でもここ最近、特によく目にするのがこの&#8221;<strong>AMOC</strong>&#8220;。<br><br><br>海流のイラストと一緒に紹介されている事が多いので「海に関係してるんやろな。」とは思っていましたが、いざフタを開けるとちょっと難しい話が待っていそうなので、しばらく封印状態にしてきました。<br><br><br>ところが、いざ調べてみると、気候変動を理解するうえで欠かせないとても重要なキーワード。<br><br><br><br>というわけで今回は、この &#8220;<strong>AMOC</strong>&#8221; について見ていきます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">AMOCとは？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22603" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555811542449027;width:490px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/jenna-bash-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Jenna Bash</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず、<strong>AMOC</strong> (エイゥモックと発音）とは、<strong>Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation</strong> の略で、日本語では、「大西洋子午面循環」（たいせいよう しごめん じゅんかん）と訳されます。<br><br><br>Atlantic = 大西洋<br>Meridional = 南北方向の<br>Overturning = 上下が入れ替わる<br>Circulation = 循環<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">簡単に言えば、</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>大西洋で起こる南北方向の巨大な海洋循環システム</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>となります。<br><br><br><br><br>日本語訳で「子午面」という言葉が出てきますが、これは地球に関する用語で、北極と南極を結ぶ線（経線）を含んで、地球をスパッと縦に切った断面のことを指します。<br><br><br>暖かい海水は軽いので、海の表面を流れます。一方で、北の海で冷やされた海水は、海氷ができることで塩分が濃くなり、重くなって深海へ沈みます。<br><br><br><br>つまりAMOCは、大西洋を南北方向の断面で見たときに、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>暖かい海水を北へ運び、それが冷えて深海へ沈み、冷たい水が南へ戻るという、巨大なベルトコンベアのような働きをするシステム</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>ということになります。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">AMOCはどんな役割を果たしているの？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22604" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556019194658877;width:494px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/dmz-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by dmx</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">AMOCがなぜ重要なのかを理解するには、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>海流というものが単なる海水の流れではなく、地球規模で熱を運ぶ役割をしている</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>ということを知っておく必要があります。<br><br><br><br>太陽の光は、地球のそれぞれの地に異なる強さで届くため、赤道付近がめちゃめちゃ暑くなるのに比べ、北極や南極に近づくと気温は低くなります。<br><br><br>そこで重要な役割を果たしているのが、AMOCによる海洋循環。<br><br><br><br>AMOCは、その一部であるメキシコ湾流などを通して、暖かい海水を南から北へ運び、冷たい海水を海の深いところを通して南へ戻すことで、大量の熱を大西洋の中で移動させています。</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>その結果、ヨーロッパは同じくらいの緯度にあるカナダ東部と比べて、冬でも比較的穏やかな気候になっているのです。</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そして、AMOCが影響を与えるのはヨーロッパだけではありません。<br><br><br>海洋は大気と熱や水分をやり取りしているので、AMOCが変化すると、世界各地の気候や雨の降り方、海面水温、海洋生態系、さらには漁業にも影響が及んで、私たちの生活にもさまざまな変化をもたらす可能性があるのです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">なぜ今、AMOCが世界中で注目されているのか？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22605" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555674004583977;width:530px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hubert-neufeld-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Hubert Neufeld</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">じゃあ、なぜここ最近、この &#8220;AMOC&#8221; が世界的に注目されているのか？<br><br><br>その理由は、<strong>地球温暖化によってAMOCが弱まる可能性がある</strong>と考えられているからです。<br><br><br><br>AMOCは、北大西洋で海水が冷やされ、重くなって深海へ沈むことで成り立っています。しかし、地球温暖化が進むと、グリーンランドの氷が大量に溶け、その氷が溶けてできた水が北大西洋へ流れ込みます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この水には塩分がほとんど含まれていないため、海水の塩分濃度が下がり、海水はこれまでほど重くならなくなります。そうなると、もともと深海へ沈むはずだった海水が沈みにくくなって、AMOCのベルトコンベアの力が弱まるのではないかと考えられているのです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>まだ近い将来にAMOCが止まってしまうという結論が出ているわけではないのですが、多くの研究でAMOCが弱まってきている可能性が指摘されていて、この先さらに弱まるリスクについて世界中の研究者が活発に調査を続けています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">AMOCが弱まると私たちの未来はどうなる？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22606" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556125326906312;width:526px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/07/hans-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Hans</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">それでは、もしAMOCがさらに弱まったら、私たちの暮らしにはどのような影響が出てくるのでしょうか？<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">AMOCが大きく弱まれば、ヨーロッパでは冬が現在より寒くなる可能性があります。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">例えば、英国気象庁のシナリオでは、英国全体の平均気温が約5〜6℃低下する可能性も示されています。一方で、夏は単純に涼しくなるというわけではなく、地域によっては雨が減って干ばつが起こりやすくなることも懸念されています。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>また、AMOCは世界の気候にも大きく関わっているため、雨の降る場所や量が変わったり、豪雨や干ばつなどの異常気象が増えたりする可能性があるとも言われています。<br><br><br><br>こうした変化は農業や漁業にも影響を及ぼすことになるので、食料供給や私たちの暮らしにも影響が広がる可能性が予測されています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">もちろん、これらがすぐに現実になると決まったわけではありません。しかし、AMOCは地球の気候を支える重要なシステムであり、その変化が世界中に大きな影響を及ぼす可能性があるからこそ、多くの研究者が注目しているのです。<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">というわけで、今回の記事は以上となります。ニュースで「AMOC」という言葉を見かけたときに、「ああ、あの大西洋の巨大な海流のことか」と思い出していただけたら嬉しいです。<br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/amoc-english/">What Is the AMOC? A Beginner&#8217;s Guide to the Atlantic Ocean Circulation</a><br><br><br></p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Vulture Capitalism Explained: BlackRock, Neoliberalism and the Fight to Reclaim Democracy</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/vulture-capitalism-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 09 Jul 2026 20:54:26 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[洋書レビュー]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inequality]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22563</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A summary of Grace Blakeley’s Vulture Capitalism, exploring neoliberalism, BlackRock, financial power, inequality, climate change, and the future of democracy.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The book I&#8217;m introducing today is&nbsp;<em>&#8220;<strong>Vulture Capitalism&#8221;</strong></em>&nbsp;by <strong>Grace Blakeley</strong>, a Marxist economist, political commentator, journalist, and author who has been actively speaking out about growing economic inequality in the UK.<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="370" height="522" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture.png" alt="" class="wp-image-22493" style="aspect-ratio:0.7088245802072168;width:246px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture.png 370w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture-213x300.png 213w" sizes="(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image taken from Amazon</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Since the COVID-19 pandemic, the gap between rich and poor has grown even wider across the world. At the same time, right-wing populism and far-right movements have gained momentum in countries such as the United States, Italy, Hungary, Argentina, and Israel. <br><br><br>And here in the UK, we are increasingly seeing the consequences of these changes as well.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>These days, it&#8217;s incredibly easy to scroll through social media and come across conspiracy theories, misinformation, and wild speculation. That&#8217;s why I believe reading well-researched, evidence-based books like this is more important than ever.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>At a time when so many people are feeling uncertain about the future, the greatest value of this book is that it doesn’t simply describe the crises we face today. Instead, it explains the hidden story behind how we got here.<br><br><br>It helps us understand where we stand today and the historical path that has brought us here.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Who is Grace Blakeley?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="695" height="729" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-22496" style="aspect-ratio:0.9534020618556701;width:293px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley.jpeg 695w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley-286x300.jpeg 286w" sizes="(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Screenshot</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">First, a quick introduction to the author.<br><br><br>Grace Blakeley, who is still in her early thirties, is a democratic socialist and describes herself as a Marxist rather than an economist.<br><br><br>After working as a columnist for the political weekly&nbsp;<em>New Statesman</em>&nbsp;and other publications, she gained widespread attention with her third book,&nbsp;<strong><em>Vulture Capitalism</em>.</strong><br><br><br>In recent years, she has been speaking out about the growing severity of economic inequality. Arguing that ordinary people need to take action if we are to stop inequality from getting even worse, she continues to speak to audiences around the country to spread that message.<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Below is a clip from when she appeared on&nbsp;<em>PoliticsJOE</em>.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<iframe loading="lazy" title="How capitalism enslaved us all | Grace Blakeley interview" width="1205" height="678" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CLPGrdRid7Y?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>She previously supported the Labour Party during Jeremy Corbyn’s leadership. However, in 2023, she left the party, saying she disagreed with Keir Starmer’s comments on the Gaza conflict. <br><br><br>She now supports the Green Party, led by Zack Polanski.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Does the Free Market Really Exist?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22499" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555677756392632;width:520px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Tina Park</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">When people hear the word “capitalism”, one of the first things that often comes to mind is the idea of a “<strong>free market</strong>”.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This concept generally refers to &#8230; </p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>a system in which the state intervenes as little as possible, allowing participants such as sole traders, family-run shops, small and medium-sized businesses, and large corporations to compete freely within the market.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>The idea is that this kind of competition leads to better products, better services, and innovation. In the end, consumers enjoy a more comfortable and prosperous life. <br><br>Wouldn’t this be the kind of capitalism that many people tend to imagine?<br><br><br><br>In other words&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Capitalism ➡︎ Free market ➡︎ Competition ➡︎ Prosperity and freedom</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>However, from the 1980s onwards, under leaders such as Margaret Thatcher in the United Kingdom and Ronald Reagan in the United States, capitalist policy shifted towards <strong>neoliberalism</strong>.<br><br><br>As a result, this structure began to break down.<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Neoliberalism refers to &#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">a modern policy approach that places a strong emphasis on free market competition. To achieve this, governments promote deregulation, privatisation, and institutional reforms, while at the same time limiting their direct intervention in market transactions and competition.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>At first glance, neoliberalism appears to be an idea that reduces state intervention and leaves markets to operate freely.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">However, according to Blakeley, the state has not actually withdrawn. Instead, its intervention has been redirected to create market conditions that benefit large corporations and financial institutions.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>As a result, large companies often receive government subsidies, and during crises such as the 2008 financial crash, banks and financial institutions that took excessive risks were rescued with public money to prevent collapse.</strong><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In addition, through lobbying, corporations are able to influence politicians and policy-making, securing regulations and reforms that work in their favour.<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She also quotes the American economist Thorstein Veblen in her book:</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The competitive process naturally creates incentives to try to change the rules to one&#8217;s own advantage.</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>If that&#8217;s the case, then modern capitalism is no longer run by free market competition. Instead, it is shaped by the power of governments and large corporations. In other words, the &#8220;free and competitive market&#8221; that capitalism promised no longer really exists.<br><br><br><br><br>The result is something like this:</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Neoliberalism ➡︎ Deregulation ➡︎ The growth of large corporations ➡︎ Market dominance ➡︎ Greater political influence</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>According to Blakeley, this has created a system that ultimately leads to widening economic inequality.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She also argues that the very term &#8220;free market&#8221; gives the impression that competition takes place under fair and equal rules, making the reality of the system much harder to see.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Putting Limits on the Power of Capital</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22508" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555992914780554;width:502px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Leonhard_Niederwimmer</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Capitalism is &#8230; </p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>a social system based on the class division between those who own the means of production and those who do not. Those without ownership must sell their labour in order to make a living.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>In other words, the defining feature of capitalism is the relationship between those who own the resources and means of production needed to produce goods and services, and those who must work for them because they do not.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">However, since neoliberal policies were introduced in the 1980s, companies have become increasingly focused on maximising profits and shareholder value. According to Blakeley, this has changed the way capitalism works, so that it no longer necessarily benefits society as a whole.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>She points to several clear examples, including the exploitation of workers by large corporations, increasing environmental damage, and the growing concentration of market power.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹Workers Under Pressure: Amazon as an Example</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Take Amazon, for example, one of the world&#8217;s largest platform companies.<br><br><br>According to the book, workers at Amazon warehouses in the UK are expected to process one package every nine seconds on average while working from 7:30 a.m. to 6:00 p.m.<br><br>The book also describes cases in which female employees were allegedly treated unfairly after taking maternity leave, as well as instances in which the company allegedly tried to prevent workers from organising and standing up for their rights.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">These examples illustrate the danger of allowing the pursuit of efficiency and profit to take priority over workers&#8217; health and rights.<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹The Environmental Cost of Overproduction</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">One issue that particularly shocked me was Amazon&#8217;s problem of large-scale waste.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">According to the book, <strong>Amazon is said to dispose of millions of new, unsold products every year, including items such as televisions and smartphones.</strong><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-15 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bubble-0003.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In fact, reports revealed that internal documents from an Amazon warehouse in Scotland showed that more than 120,000 items were marked for disposal in just one week. In some weeks, the number was said to have reached nearly 200,000 items.</p>
</div></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Naturally, the process of producing, transporting, and eventually disposing of these products consumes vast amounts of energy and generates significant greenhouse gas emissions.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">According to Amazon&#8217;s own figures, the company&#8217;s greenhouse gas emissions reached 71.54 million tonnes of CO₂ equivalent in 2021, an 18% increase compared with the previous year.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">If Amazon were considered a country, its emissions would be comparable to those of Kenya, a nation with a population of around 53 million people.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹Who Controls Our Food System?</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Blakeley is not only questioning how individual companies behave.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She is also highlighting the fact that, through repeated mergers and acquisitions, much of the agricultural and food system has come under the control of a handful of powerful corporations.<br><br><br>In essential agricultural sectors such as seeds, pesticides, and fertilizers, the market has come to be dominated by just a handful of giant corporations, including&nbsp; <strong>Bayer</strong>,&nbsp; <strong>Corteva</strong>,&nbsp; <strong>Syngenta</strong>,  and&nbsp;<strong>BASF</strong>. <br><br><br>As a result, competition has weakened, increasing the risk that food security and farmers&#8217; choices will be undermined.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">Neoliberalism was originally supposed to promote efficiency and prosperity through free competition. In reality, however, competition has allowed giant corporations to become even bigger, creating the ironic situation in which they come to dominate the market itself.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>That is why Blakeley argues that we need a system that places democratic checks on the power of giant corporations, rather than leaving the market entirely to the state or allowing corporations to do as they please.<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">How Shareholder Value Changed Everything</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22524" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556316330023965;width:502px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Benjamin Behre</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">According to Blakeley, the spread of neoliberalism from the 1980s onward encouraged many companies to put shareholder returns ahead of long-term investment and the welfare of the people who work for them.<br><br><br>A classic example featured in the book is&nbsp;Ford Motor Company, the American car manufacturer.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Ford was once one of America&#8217;s leading manufacturers, employing large numbers of workers to build cars. However, Blakeley argues that in recent years its financial business has become increasingly important, and that the company&#8217;s focus has shifted from making good cars to delivering returns to shareholders. In fact, she notes that between 2012 and 2020, Ford returned 100 percent of its net profits to shareholders.<br><br><br><br>Of course, providing returns to shareholders is one of a company&#8217;s important responsibilities.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>However, when it becomes the top priority, there is a risk that too little money will be invested in new equipment, research and development, and the people who work for the company.</strong><br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Another example presented at the very beginning of the book is&nbsp;Boeing.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">According to her, the company&#8217;s drive to maximize profits and boost its share price led to safety concerns being overlooked, ultimately resulting in serious accidents. Yet even after these tragedies, it is the company that is held accountable, while the executives who made the key decisions are rarely prosecuted or held personally criminally liable.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She argues that this is what truly reveals the nature of neoliberalism. It is not that the power of the state has weakened, but rather that it has come to be used to protect the interests of capitalists and corporate executives instead of those of workers.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Who Really Controls the World&#8217;s Money?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22528" style="width:500px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by van3ssa</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">We tend to think that companies compete with one another in a free market. However, Blakeley points out that, behind the scenes, a small number of powerful asset managers have become major forces shaping the global economy.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The book highlights <strong>BlackRock</strong> as a leading example: one of the largest asset management firms in the world.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Unlike Amazon or Ford, BlackRock is not a company that provides products or services directly to consumers. Instead, it makes money by investing funds collected from pension funds and investors into companies around the world.</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>As a result, it is not unusual for <strong>the same asset management companies to be major shareholders in companies</strong> that appear to have nothing in common — from food companies whose products are sold in supermarkets to IT firms and pharmaceutical companies.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">She challenges this reality with a question: “In a supposedly free market, how is it that the same companies have come to hold such influence over businesses around the world?”<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">What is even more interesting is that much of the money managed by these asset management companies actually comes from our own pension funds.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Pension funds invest money in order to pay future pensions, and they often entrust the management of those investments to companies like BlackRock.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In other words, our own retirement savings are also being grown through investments in companies around the world.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This means that asset management companies are constantly under pressure to generate high returns. She argues that, as a result, companies may become more likely to prioritize cutting labour costs and rewarding shareholders, while giving less attention to workers, local communities, and the environment.<br><br><br><br>In this way, economic power has become increasingly concentrated in the hands of a small number of powerful financial institutions. And their influence extends beyond corporate management, reaching into politics and society as a whole.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Central Banks and the Power of Financial Markets</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22532" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556269407859513;width:504px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by moritz320</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Most ordinary people assume that governments are the ones who run countries. However, Blakeley points out that, in today’s world, the power of financial markets and giant financial institutions has grown so significant that even governments find it difficult to ignore their influence when making policy decisions.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">In this sense, the power of the state has not simply declined in the neoliberal era. Rather, the influence of financial institutions and investors who move money around the world has become stronger than ever before.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>One of the clearest examples of this shift is the idea of&nbsp;<strong>central bank independence</strong>.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In the past, politicians sometimes pressured central banks to “lower interest rates” or “print more money” because they wanted to boost the economy before elections and gain support from voters.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">From the 1980s onward, the idea that “monetary policy should be managed by experts rather than politicians” became more widely accepted, and many countries moved towards granting greater independence to their central banks.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>However, Blakeley points out that this arrangement may have reduced direct political influence over monetary policy, but at the same time it allowed the ideas and interests of financial markets and financial institutions to gain greater influence over economic policy.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>For example, when a financial crisis occurs, central banks often give priority to rescuing banks because allowing them to fail could cause the entire economy to collapse. This can create a situation in which banks are effectively treated as “too special to fail.”</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As a result, financial institutions may develop the sense that “even if they make mistakes, they will ultimately be rescued,” encouraging them to take greater risks.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As this process continues, governments increasingly make policy decisions while taking into account how financial markets will react. As a result, profits become concentrated in the financial sector, while the costs and risks are passed on to society as a whole, widening inequality.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the end, even democratically elected governments may find their choices constrained, as they hesitate to take action for fear of triggering a backlash from financial markets.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Who Do the IMF and World Bank Really Serve?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22535" style="aspect-ratio:1.55560056714604;width:516px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by markus-krisetya</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Blakeley also points out that the impact of neoliberalism extended to developing countries.<br><br><br>One example discussed in the book is Zambia.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Following a dramatic fall in copper prices, Zambia’s export revenues declined sharply. Then, when the United States raised interest rates substantially, the burden of servicing its dollar-denominated debt increased dramatically, placing the country under even greater financial pressure.<br><br><br>In the wake of this debt crisis, the <strong>World Bank</strong> and the <strong>IMF</strong> stepped in with an offer: “We&#8217;ll lend you money—but only if you agree to certain conditions.” <br><br><br>These conditions became known as&nbsp;<strong>Structural Adjustment Programs (SAPs).</strong><br><br><br>The aim of&nbsp;SAPs&nbsp;was to make economies more efficient, reduce government budget deficits, and promote economic growth by attracting foreign investment. <br><br><br><br>Their policies included&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">■ Cutting government spending (austerity)<br>■ Privatising state-owned enterprises<br>■ Deregulation<br>■ Trade liberalisation<br>■ Reducing subsidies</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>It&#8217;s a set of policies that should sound familiar by now.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>As a result, government spending on education and healthcare was reduced, and living standards for ordinary people declined. Unemployment and poverty increased, while local industries struggled to compete with foreign companies. As a result, dependence on developed countries and international financial institutions deepened even further.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><strong>Through this process, foreign corporations expanded into developing countries, creating more low-paid and exploitative jobs that often involved dangerous physical labour.</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Grace Blakeley&#8217;s Vision for Change</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22541" style="width:538px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Blakeley argues that the problem is not the existence of markets themselves, but the fact that giant financial institutions and investors that move money around the world have accumulated too much power. She believes that what matters is restoring democratic rules to this system.<br><br><br><br>One of the most inspiring stories in this chapter is the&nbsp;&#8220;Lucas Plan&#8221;. <br><br>The book describes how, in 1970s Britain, workers at a military manufacturing company proposed producing socially useful products — such as wind turbines and medical equipment — instead of weapons.<br><br><br>She also points out that because the development of new technologies is largely controlled by giant corporations and a small number of wealthy individuals, these technologies are often designed with the goal of generating profits above all else.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In order to build a truly democratic society, she argues that technology should be used not for the benefit of a small group of wealthy people, but for the benefit of society as a whole.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For this reason, she argues that &#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>each of us needs to recognise that politics is not just about voting in elections. We need to understand that joining together with our colleagues to demand better wages, protesting against the climate crisis, and working with our neighbours to protect a local library are all forms of political participation.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Blakeley emphasises that the greatest obstacle is not the overwhelming power of a small group of wealthy elites, but the widespread belief that <strong>real change is simply impossible</strong>.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Perhaps that is why what we need most is to let go of that belief, reconnect with those around us, and, through countless small acts, rediscover the possibility that society really can be changed.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br><br>So, that&#8217;s all for today.<br><br><br>This book is full of the knowledge we need to understand the crises of our time and to begin thinking seriously about how to tackle growing inequality and climate change.<br><br>Every single page is dense and thought-provoking, but I genuinely believe that if more people were to read this book, we would have a much better chance of solving many of the problems humanity faces today.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Bye now,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/vulture-capitalism/">新自由主義とは何だったのか？『Vulture Capitalism』から読み解く現代資本主義の問題点</a></p>
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		<item>
		<title>新自由主義とは何だったのか？『Vulture Capitalism』から読み解く現代資本主義の問題点</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/vulture-capitalism/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Thu, 02 Jul 2026 00:58:29 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[洋書レビュー]]></category>
		<category><![CDATA[inequality]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22492</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[なぜ格差は広がり、企業は株主を最優先するようになったのでしょうか。『Vulture Capitalism』をもとに、新自由主義の歴史、巨大金融資本の台頭、BlackRockや中央銀行の役割、そして民主主義を取り戻すためのヒントをわかりやすく紹介します。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>どうも、コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br>今回紹介する本は、経済格差が広がるイギリスで精力的に活動を続けるマルクス経済学者であり、政治評論家、ジャーナリスト、作家でもある<strong>グレース・ブレイクリー</strong>さんの著書<em>『<strong>Vulture Capitalism</strong>』</em>。<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="370" height="522" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture.png" alt="" class="wp-image-22493" style="aspect-ratio:0.708828250401284;width:242px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture.png 370w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/vulture-213x300.png 213w" sizes="(max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image taken from Amazon</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>コロナウィルスのパンデミック以降、世界各地で経済格差がさらに拡大する中、アメリカの右派ポピュリズムをはじめ、イタリア、ハンガリー、アルゼンチン、イスラエルなどで極右の政党が勢力を伸ばしており、こうした動きの影響はイギリスでも強く感じられます。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>そんな中、憶測による陰謀論や偽情報（ディスインフォメーション）が飛び交うSNSで手軽に情報を拾うのではなく、証拠や確かな裏付けに基づいたこのような本を読むことは、今の時代において非常に大切なことです。</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>将来への不安が広がる今の時代において、この本の最大の価値は、現在の危機そのものではなく、それを形づくってきた「知られざる背景」にスポットライトを当てている点にあります。<br><br><br>私たちが現在どのような位置に立っているのか、そして世界がどのような歴史的過程を経て現在に至ったのかを理解するための重要な手がかりを与えてくれる一冊です。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>グレース・ブレイクリー</strong>さんってどんな人？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="695" height="729" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley.jpeg" alt="" class="wp-image-22496" style="aspect-ratio:0.9533769829063585;width:289px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley.jpeg 695w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-blakeley-286x300.jpeg 286w" sizes="(max-width: 695px) 100vw, 695px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まずは著者の紹介。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まだ30代前半のグレイス・ブレイクリーさんは、民主社会主義者であり、自らを経済学者というよりもマルクス主義者だと表現しています。<br><br><br>彼女は政治週刊誌 New Statesman などでコラムニストとして活動した後、この3冊目の著書<em>『<strong>Vulture Capitalism</strong>』</em>によって大きな注目を集めるようになりました。<br><br><br>近年は、急速に拡大する経済格差の深刻さを訴え、その流れを食い止めるために行動を起こす必要があるとして、各地で一般市民に向けた発信を続けています。<br><br><br><br><br>下は、&#8221;POLITICS JOE&#8221; に出演した際の映像。</p>



<figure class="wp-block-embed is-type-video is-provider-youtube wp-block-embed-youtube wp-embed-aspect-16-9 wp-has-aspect-ratio"><div class="wp-block-embed__wrapper">
<iframe loading="lazy" title="How capitalism enslaved us all | Grace Blakeley interview" width="1205" height="678" src="https://www.youtube.com/embed/CLPGrdRid7Y?feature=oembed" frameborder="0" allow="accelerometer; autoplay; clipboard-write; encrypted-media; gyroscope; picture-in-picture; web-share" referrerpolicy="strict-origin-when-cross-origin" allowfullscreen></iframe>
</div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>ブレイクリーさんはかつて、ジェレミー・コービン時代の労働党を支持していました。しかし、ガザ戦争をめぐるキア・スターマーの発言に反発し、2023年に労働党を離党したことを明らかにしています。そして現在は、ザック・ポランスキーが率いる Green Party を支持しています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">自由市場は本当に存在するのか？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22499" style="width:510px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/free-market-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Tina Park</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず「資本主義」という言葉を聞いて、多くの人が思い浮べるのが「<strong>自由市場</strong>」です。<br><br><br><br>そして、その考え方は、基本的に&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>国家ができるだけ介入せず、個人事業主や家族経営などの商店、中小企業、大企業などの参加者が自由に競争できる市場</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>を指します。<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">この競争によって、より良い商品やサービス、技術革新 (イノベーション)が生まれ、消費者もより豊かで快適な暮らしを享受できるというのが、多くの人がイメージする資本主義ではないでしょうか？<br><br><br><br>つまり&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">資本主義  ➡︎  自由市場  ➡︎  競争  ➡︎  豊かさと自由</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>という形だったのですが&#8230; <br><br><br>資本主義の政策が、1980年以降にイギリスのマーガレット・サッチャー首相やアメリカのロナルド・レーガン大統領によって、<strong>新自由主義</strong>（ネオリベラリズム）に移行した結果、上のような構造が崩れてしまいました。<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ちなみに、この新自由主義とは&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>市場の自由競争を重視し、その実現のために政府が規制緩和や民営化、制度改革を進める一方、市場の取引や競争にはできるだけ介入しない</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>という現代的な政策思想です。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>一見すると新自由主義は、「国家（政府）の介入を減らし、市場に任せる思想」のように見えます。<br><br><br>しかしブレイクリーさんによると、実際には国家の介入がなくなったわけではなく、むしろ、その介入は巨大企業や金融機関に有利な市場環境を作るために利用されるようになったのです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><strong>これによって巨大企業は政府から補助金を受けたり、2008年の金融危機で見られたように、過度なリスクを取った金融機関や銀行が崩壊の危機に陥った際には、国民の税金によって救済されたりしてきました。</strong><br><br><br>また、ロビー活動を通じて政治家や政策決定に影響を与え、自らに有利な制度や規制緩和を実現する力も持っています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>彼女が本の中で引用しているアメリカの経済学者ソースタイン・ヴェブレンの言葉を借りれば</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The competitive process naturally creates incentives to try to change the rules to one&#8217;s own advantage.&nbsp;</strong><br><br>「競争が続くと、人々は自分に有利になるようにルールそのものを変えようとするようになる。」</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>となります。<br><br><br><br>こうなってくると、現代の資本主義では、国家と巨大企業の権力によって運営されることとなり、約束された「自由な競争市場」は存在しないことになります。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>つまり&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">新自由主義  ➡︎  規制緩和  ➡︎  巨大企業の成長  ➡︎  市場支配  ➡︎  政治への影響力の拡大</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>という流れが生まれ、結果として経済格差が拡大するシステムになってしまった、とブレイクリーは指摘しています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>そして彼女は、「自由市場」という言葉そのものが、公平なルールのもとで自由な競争が行われているかのようなイメージを与え、この現実を見えにくくしていると主張しているのです。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">資本の力に適切な歯止めをかける</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22508" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555879636381313;width:499px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/capital-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Leonhard_Niederwimmer</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">資本主義とは&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>生産手段を所有する資本家と、その生産手段を持たず労働力を提供して生計を立てる労働者との階級的な分離によって成り立つ社会制度。</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>つまり、商品やサービスを生み出すために必要な資源や生産手段を所有する側と、それらを持たないために働くことで生活を支える側との関係が根本的な特徴となっているわけです。<br><br><br><br>しかし、1980年代に新自由主義的な政策が導入されて以来、企業利益や株主価値の最大化がこれまで以上に重視されるようになり、その結果、資本主義の仕組みそのものが社会全体にとって必ずしも望ましい結果を生み出さなくなったととブレイクリーさんは指摘しています。<br><br><br>その代表例として挙げられているのが、巨大企業による労働者の搾取や環境負荷の増大、そして市場の寡占化です。<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹労働者への影響 ― Amazonの労働環境</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">例えば、世界最大級のプラットフォーム企業であるAmazon。<br><br><br>本書によれば、イギリスのAmazonの倉庫では、従業員たちは午前7時30分から午後6時まで働くなかで、平均して9秒ごとに1個の荷物を処理することが求められているといいます。<br><br><br>また、妊娠中に休暇を取得した女性従業員が不利益な扱いを受けたという事例や、労働者が団結して権利を主張しようとする動きを企業側が阻止しようとしていた事例も紹介されています。&nbsp;<br><br><br>こうした事例は、効率性や利益の追求が労働者の健康や権利よりも優先されてしまう危険性を示しています。<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹環境への影響 ― 大量廃棄とCO₂排出</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">さらに僕が特に衝撃を受けたのが、Amazonによる大量廃棄の問題です。<br><br><br><br>本書によると、<strong>Amazonは売れ残ったテレビやスマートフォンなどの新品商品を毎年何百万点も廃棄している</strong>とされています。<br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-15 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bubble-0003.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">実際にスコットランドの倉庫では、内部資料から1週間で12万点以上の商品が廃棄対象となっていたことが報じられ、週によっては20万点近くに達したともいわれています。</p>
</div></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><strong>当然ながら、こうした商品の製造から輸送、そして廃棄に至るまでの過程では大量のエネルギーが消費され、多くの温室効果ガスが排出されます。</strong><br><br><br>Amazon自身の発表によると、2021年の温室効果ガス排出量は二酸化炭素換算で7,154万トンに達し、前の年の排出量から18％増加。<br><br><br>もしAmazonを一つの国家として考えるとすると、その排出量は人口約5,300万人のケニア一国に匹敵する規模となります。<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">🔹農業・食料システムの寡占化</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ブレイクリーさんが問題視しているのは、個々の企業の行動だけではありません。<br><br>企業の買収や合併が繰り返された結果、農業や食料システムの重要な部分が少数の巨大企業によって支配されるようになっていることも指摘しています。<br><br><br>種子や農薬、肥料といった農業には欠かせない分野では、<strong>Bayer</strong>、<strong>Corteva</strong>、<strong>Syngenta</strong>、<strong>BASF</strong>といったごく少数の巨大企業に市場が独占されていて、その結果として競争が弱まり、食料供給の安定性や農家の選択肢が損なわれるリスクが高まっていると言われています。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">本来、新自由主義は自由な競争によって効率性や豊かさを実現するとされてきました。しかし現実には、競争の結果として巨大企業がさらに巨大化し、市場そのものを支配するようになるという皮肉な状況が生まれているのです。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>だからこそブレイクリー氏は、市場を完全に国家へ委ねるのでも、企業に好き勝手に任せるのでもなく、巨大化した資本の力に民主的な歯止めをかける仕組みが必要だと主張しているのです。<br><br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">「株主価値の最大化」がすべてを変えた</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22524" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555795614129848;width:495px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/benjamin-behre-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Benjamin Behre</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ブレイクリーさんはまた、1980年代から新自由主義が浸透して以来、多くの企業が長期的な成長や働く人々の生活を支えることよりも、株主への利益還元を優先するようになったと言っています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">その象徴的な例として本の中で取り上げられているのが、アメリカの自動車メーカーである Ford Motor Company。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">かつてFordは、多くの労働者を雇いながら車を生産するアメリカを代表する製造業でした。しかし近年では金融事業の比重が高まり、企業の目的も「良い車をつくること」より「株主へ利益を還元すること」に傾いていったと彼女は指摘しています。実際、2012年から2020年にかけては純利益の100％を株主へ還元していたといいます。<br><br><br>もちろん株主への利益の還元は、企業にとって重要な役割の一つです。<br><br><br><strong>しかし、それが最優先事項になると、設備への投資や研究開発、働く人たちへの投資に十分なお金が回らなくなる危険性があります。</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>さらに本の冒頭では、航空機メーカーのBoeingの事例も紹介されています。<br><br><br>利益や株価を優先するあまり、安全性への配慮が軽視され、その結果として重大な事故につながった例が書かれています。しかも事故の後も、責任を負うのは会社であって、意思決定をした経営陣個人が刑事責任を問われることはほとんどありません。<br><br><br>彼女は、こうした現実こそが新自由主義の本質を示していると考えています。国家の力が弱まったのではなく、その力が労働者ではなく資本家や経営者の利益を守る方向へと使われるようになったというのです。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">誰が世界のお金を動かしているのか</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22528" style="width:502px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/van3ssa-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by van3ssa</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">自由市場では企業同士が競争している、と私たちは考えています。しかしブレイクリーさんは、その裏側ではごく少数の巨大資産運用会社が世界経済に大きな影響力を持つようになっていると指摘します。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">その代表的な例として本の中で書かれているのが、世界最大級の資産運用会社である<strong>BlackRock</strong>。<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">BlackRockはAmazonやFordのように商品やサービスを提供する企業ではなく、年金基金や投資家から集めたお金を、世界中の企業に投資することで利益を上げる会社です。</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>その結果、スーパーで売られている食品会社からIT企業、製薬会社まで、一見すると何のつながりもない企業の背後で、<strong>同じ資産運用会社が大株主になっている</strong>ことも珍しくありません。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">彼女は、このような状況に対して「自由市場なのに、なぜ同じ企業が世界中の企業を支配しているのか」と問いかけます。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">さらに興味深いのは、こうした資産運用会社が扱う資金の多くが、実は私たちの年金に関わるお金だということです。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>年金基金は将来の年金を支払うために資金を運用しており、その運用をBlackRockのような会社に任せています。<br><br><br>つまり、私たちの老後のお金もまた、世界中の企業への投資を通じて増やされているのです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ということは、資産運用会社には常に高い利益が求められます。その結果、企業は労働コストの削減や株主への利益還元を優先しやすくなり、労働者や地域社会、環境への配慮が後回しになることもあると彼女は指摘しています。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">こうして経済における権力が、少数の巨大金融機関へと集中していきます。そして、その影響は企業経営だけでなく、政治や社会全体にも及んでいるというわけなのです。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">中央銀行と金融市場の力関係</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22532" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556125326906312;width:510px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/moritz320-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by moritz320</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>私たち一般人は、国を動かしているのは政府だと考えています。しかし、現代では金融市場や巨大金融機関の力が非常に大きくなって、政府でさえその動きを無視して政策を進めることが難しくなっていると、ブレイクリーさんは指摘しています。<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">つまり、新自由主義の時代に国家の力が弱まったのではなく、むしろ世界のお金を動かす巨大な金融機関や投資家の力が、これまで以上に強くなったということになります。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>その象徴の一つが「<strong>中央銀行の独立</strong>」です。<br><br><br><br>もともと政治家は、選挙前に景気を良くして有権者の支持を得たいと考えるため、中央銀行に「金利を下げてほしい」「お金をもっとプリントしてほしい」と圧力をかけることがありました。<br><br><br>そこで1980年代以降、「金融政策は政治家ではなく、専門家が担うべきだ」という考え方が広まり、多くの国で中央銀行の独立が進められました。<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>しかしブレイクリーさんは、この仕組みによって政治からは一定の距離を保つ一方で、金融市場や金融業界の考え方が政策に反映されやすくなったと指摘しています。</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>例えば、金融危機などが起きた場合などは、銀行を救わないと経済が崩壊してしまうため、中央銀行は銀行を最優先で救済するようになり、「銀行が特別扱いされる」カタチが生まれてしまいます。<br><br><br>結果として、「失敗しても最後は助けてもらえる」という安心感が金融機関に生まれ、リスクの高い行動をとりやすくなるわけです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>そうなってくると、政府は金融市場がどう反応するかを常に気にしながら政策を決めるようになり、その結果、利益は金融業界に集中し、損失やリスクを社会全体が負担することで、格差が拡大していきます。<br><br><br>民主的に選ばれた政府であっても、市場の反発を恐れ、自由に政策を実行しにくい社会ができてしまうということになります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">IMFと世界銀行は誰のために存在するのか？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22535" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555969454274539;width:522px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/10c4e502ffd36819bbf3de6731d35239-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by markus-krisetya</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">さらにブレイクリーさんは、新自由主義の影響は発展途上国にも及んだと指摘しています。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">その例として紹介されているのがアフリカのザンビア。<br><br><br>銅価格の暴落で、輸出収入が激減したところに、アメリカが大幅な利上げをしたため、ドル建ての債務を抱えていたザンビアに、利息払いの負担が急増します。<br><br><br><br>この債務危機をきっかけに、<strong>世界銀行</strong>や<strong>IMF</strong>が「お金は貸しますよ。ただし条件があります。」と詰め寄ってきたわけですが、これが<strong>SAPs</strong> (<strong>structural adjustment programs</strong>）と呼ばれるものでした。<br><br><br><br>SAPsの目的は、経済を効率化して財政赤字を減らし、海外からの投資を呼び込んで経済成長を促進することでしたが、その内容はというと&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">■ 政府支出の削減（緊縮財政）<br>■ 国営企業の民営化<br>■ 規制緩和<br>■ 貿易の自由化<br>■ 補助金の削減</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>と、どこかで目にしたことがあるパターンです。<br><br><br><br>これによって、教育や医療への政府支出が削減され、一般市民の生活は悪化。失業や貧困が拡大するとともに、地元産業は海外企業との競争に耐えられなくなり、その結果、先進国や国際金融機関への依存が一層深まることになってしまいました。<br><br><br><br><strong>このような経過を経て、海外の企業が発展途上国に進出し、低賃金かつ危険な肉体労働を伴う搾取的な雇用が増加して、そのような労働が先進国におけるサービス業の拡大を支えてきたという構図になっているのです。</strong><br><br><br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">ブレイクリーさんが提案する解決策</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22541" style="width:518px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/06/grace-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ブレイクリーさんは、問題は「市場」があることではなく、世界のお金を動かす巨大な金融機関や投資家が、大きな力を持ちすぎてしまったことだと考えています。そして大切なのは、このような仕組みに民主的なルールを取り戻すことだと主張しています。<br><br><br><br>この章で特に印象的だったのが &#8220;Lucas Plan&#8221; と呼ばれる取り組み。1970年代のイギリスで、軍事関連の企業の労働者たちが自ら武器の代わりに、風力発電や医療機器など、社会にとって役に立つ製品を生産する計画を提案した記録が紹介されています。<br><br><br><br>また彼女は、新しいテクノロジーの開発は巨大企業や一部の富を握るもの達によって支配されているため、そのテクノロジーも利益を生み出すことが優先されやすくなっていると指摘しています。そして、民主的な社会を実現するには、テクノロジーも一部の富裕層のためではなく、市民全体の利益のために活用されるべきだと主張しています。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">そのためには、</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>私たち一人ひとりが、政治とは選挙だけではないと認識する事が大切です。同僚と団結して賃上げを要求すること、気候危機に抗議すること、さらには地域の図書館を守るために近隣の人々と力を合わせることも政治への参加なのだと理解する必要がある</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>と彼女は述べています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>ブレイクリーさんは、最大の障害は一部の富裕層の圧倒的な力ではなく、「<strong>変化など不可能だ</strong>」と何百万人もの人たちが信じ込んでしまっていることだと指摘しています。だからこそ私たちに必要なのは、その思い込みを手放して周りの人たちとつながり、小さな行動を積み重ねながら、「社会は変えられる」という可能性を取り戻していくことなのではないでしょうか。<br><br><br><br><br>&#8230; というわけで以上となります。<br><br><br>この本の内容には、現代社会の危機を把握し、格差社会の拡大や気候変動を解決するために、まず理解しておかなければならない知識が詰まっています。<br><br><br>１ページ、１ページ、かなりヘヴィーですが、この本をたくさんの人が手に取って読んでくれたなら、人類が抱えている問題は解決に向かうだろうと心から思いました。<br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/vulture-capitalism-english/">Vulture Capitalism Explained: BlackRock, Neoliberalism and the Fight to Reclaim Democracy</a></p>
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		<title>What Is the Carbon Budget and Why It Matters for Net Zero and Climate Justice</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-budget-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 31 May 2026 15:46:07 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22460</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The carbon budget is the remaining CO₂ the world can emit while limiting global warming. This article explains its link to net zero and the global debate over fairness.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).<br><br><br>People often say that we need to cut CO₂ emissions, but is there actually a specific limit to how much CO₂ can be emitted?<br><br><br>In recent years, climate scientists have begun describing <strong>the Earth as having a kind of &#8220;invisible budget&#8221;</strong>.<br><br><br>However, much of that budget has already been spent through the cumulative CO₂ emissions produced by humanity since the Industrial Revolution, leaving only a small amount of room to keep global warming within 1.5°C.<br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>This is the very budget that scientists call the carbon budget.</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br>So, let&#8217;s take a closer look at what the carbon budget is and how it works.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What Is the Carbon Budget?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22356" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555969454274539;width:542px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by johannes-plenio</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As mentioned in the introduction, the carbon budget can be defined as&#8230; </p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>the remaining amount of CO₂ that humanity can emit if global warming is to be kept within a certain range.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>This concept is important because, just like a financial budget, there is a limit to how much can be used.<br><br><br>For example, households have a limited amount of money they can spend each month. If they spend too much, they will eventually run out of money.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>The same applies to the carbon budget. The more CO₂ we emit, the less room remains to keep global warming within a safe range.<br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">In other words, CO₂ emissions are not unlimited. The more we emit, the more we reduce <strong>the remaining</strong> “<strong>budget</strong>” <strong>available for the future</strong>.</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>So how much of the budget is left?<br><br><br>According to the latest research, the remaining carbon budget consistent with the 1.5°C target is estimated to be around 100–200 gigatonnes of CO₂ globally, although this varies depending on assumptions. (While 100–200 Gt CO₂ may sound large, humanity currently emits about 40 Gt CO₂ per year.   1Gt = 1billion tonnes.)<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Put simply, what remains is roughly equivalent to just 2–5 years of global emissions.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>On the other hand, recent observations show that global average temperatures have already temporarily exceeded 1.5°C in some years.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">However, the “1.5°C target” set in the Paris Agreement is based on long-term average temperatures rather than individual years. This means that the goal has not yet been immediately lost.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>The real concern is that if CO₂ emissions continue at the current pace, these temporary exceedances could become the norm—and eventually push long-term average temperatures beyond the 1.5°C threshold as well.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The Roots of the Carbon Budget Debate</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22438" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556161098697476;width:548px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by fill</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The carbon budget is generally understood as a scientific estimate of the remaining amount of CO₂ that can be emitted. However, in reality, it is a much more complex issue, deeply connected to international politics.<br><br><br><strong>This is because there is no clear answer to the question of who should be allowed to use how much of this remaining “budget”</strong>.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ The Historical Responsibility of Developed Countries</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Developed countries became wealthy while relying heavily on fossil fuels for more than a century. Much of today&#8217;s prosperity and high quality of life was built during that period.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This has led to the argument that countries that contributed more to the problem through their past emissions should take on a larger share of the responsibility for solving it.<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ The Right to Development for Developing Countries</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Meanwhile, countries such as India are still working to grow their economies and improve the lives of their citizens. To achieve those goals, energy consumption remains indispensable.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This creates a difficult dilemma: balancing the right to continue developing with the responsibility to curb emissions in the fight against climate change.<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ Major Nations and the Carbon Budget</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The decisions made by major emitters such as China, the United States, the EU, and India have a major influence on the world&#8217;s remaining carbon budget.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The challenge is that each country has a different level of economic development and a different energy mix, making it difficult to agree on who should bear how much of the burden of reducing emissions.<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ The Question of Fairness</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">All of this leads to a fundamental question of fairness: how much responsibility should each country bear?</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The answer depends on how the issue is viewed. Should countries that emitted the most in the past be held more accountable, or should greater attention be paid to current emissions and future development needs? <br><br>Depending on which perspective is adopted, the responsibilities assigned to each country can look very different.<br><br><br><br>Put simply, the carbon budget is not just about calculating how much CO₂ can still be emitted, but also a highly practical political issue concerning how the world&#8217;s limited carbon budget should be shared among countries.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What Is Needed to Achieve Net Zero</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22440" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556052008399983;width:526px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by American Public Power Association</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Faced with the limited remaining carbon budget, the world has set has set a goal of <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/net-zero-english/">net zero</a> CO₂ emissions.<br><br>However, achieving this goal will require a major shift across society as a whole.<br><br><br>The core of this transition is the shift from fossil fuels to renewable energy, as well as the electrification of transport and housing. In addition, structural changes in buildings and industry are essential. <br><br><br>This includes designing buildings that maintain comfort with less energy, and decarbonising key sectors such as steel and cement production.<br><br>Furthermore, economic systems themselves must adapt to decarbonisation through mechanisms such as carbon pricing.<br><br><br><br>However, this challenge cannot be solved by developed countries alone. International cooperation is essential to ensure emissions are reduced without hindering the economic growth of emerging and developing countries. <br><br><br><br><strong>Therefore, net zero is not something that can be achieved through technology alone. It is an effort that requires transforming the entire structure of society.</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In this article, we have explored the basics of the carbon budget, the global disagreements it raises, and the challenges of achieving net zero.<br><br><br>This is an issue that will become increasingly important for our societies in the years ahead, and one that we should keep in mind.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-budget/">カーボンバジェットをめぐる国際対立とは？背景と公平性の問題</a></p>
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		<title>カーボンバジェットをめぐる国際対立とは？背景と公平性の問題</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-budget/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 25 May 2026 10:56:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22354</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[カーボンバジェットとは何か、その仕組みや問題点、さらに国際的な対立の背景とネットゼロ実現に必要な取り組みについて解説します]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br>世間では「CO₂排出を減らしましょう」とよく言われますが、そもそも排出量にはどの程度の上限があるのでしょうか？<br><br><br>ここ10年ほど、<strong>地球には</strong>「<strong>見えない予算</strong>」<strong>がある</strong>という表現が、気候科学者のあいだで使われるようになってきました。<br><br><br>人類が産業革命以降に積み重ねてきたCO₂排出量によって、その多くはすでに費やされてしまっていて、気温上昇を1.5℃以内に抑えるために残された余地は、わずかしか残されていません。<br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>この</strong>「<strong>予算</strong>」<strong>こそが</strong>、<strong>カーボンバジェットと呼ばれるものです。</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そこで本記事では、この「カーボンバジェット」について、わかりやすく解説していきます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">カーボンバジェットとは何か？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22356" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555958643206966;width:540px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/johannes-plenio-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by johannes-plenio</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">イントロでも触れたように、「<strong>カーボンバジェット</strong>」を定義的に言えば、<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>気温上昇を一定の範囲に抑えるために、人類が今後排出できるCO₂の上限のこと</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>となります。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>「バジェット」は日本語で「予算」を意味します。<br><br><br>この考え方が重要なのは、お金の予算と同じように、使える量には限りがあるからです。<br><br><br><br>たとえば、生活費には毎月使える金額の限度があります。使いすぎてしまえば、やがてお金は足りなくなります。<br><br><br>カーボンバジェットもそれと同じで、排出しすぎたら温暖化を安全な範囲に抑えるための余裕はどんどん失われていきます。<br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">つまり、CO₂を無限に排出できるわけではなく、排出すればするほど「<strong>将来を生きるための残りの予算</strong>」は減っていく、という考え方です。</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br>では、その残りはどれくらいあるのでしょうか？<br><br><br>最新の研究では、1.5℃目標に対応するための残りのカーボンバジェットは、条件によって異なるものの、世界全体で100〜200Gt CO₂ あたりまで減ってしまっているとも推定されています。(100〜200Gt CO₂という数字は巨大に見えますが、現在の人類は毎年約40Gt CO₂を排出しています。1Gt = 10億トン）<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>つまり、地球全体であと</strong>「<strong>2〜5年分程度</strong>」<strong>の排出余地しか残されていない、というイメージです。</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>一方で、近年の観測では、世界の平均気温が一時的に1.5℃を超えた年も報告されています。<br><br><br>ただし、パリ協定で示されている「1.5℃目標」は単年の気温ではなく、長期的な平均気温によって判断されます。そのため、現時点でただちに目標が失われたわけではありません。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ただ問題なのは、このままの勢いで私たちのCO₂排出が続くと、一時的な1.5℃超えがそのうちに常態化し、やがて長期平均でも1.5℃を超えてしまう可能性が高まっていることです。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">カーボンバジェットをめぐる対立の背景</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22438" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555862449937854;width:544px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/fill-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by fill</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">カーボンバジェットは、一般的に科学的な「残りの排出可能量」として理解されていますが、実際のところはもっと複雑で、国際政治と深く結びついたテーマとなっています。<br><br><br><strong>なぜなら、この</strong>「<strong>残りの予算を誰がどれだけ使うのか？</strong>」<strong>という問いに、明確な答えが存在しないからです。</strong><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ 先進国の歴史的責任</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">先進国はこれまで、大量に化石燃料を使いながら発展してきました。そのおかげで、現在の豊かな社会や高い生活水準が築かれてきたという側面があります。<br><br>そのため、気候変動対策においては、「これまで多く排出してきた国ほど、より大きな責任を負うべきだ」という議論につながっています。<br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ 発展途上国にとっての成長の権利</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">一方で、インドなどの新興国や途上国の中には、今まさに経済成長を進めている国々もあります。経済発展や人々の暮らしを改善するためには、これらの国にとってエネルギーの使用は必要不可欠です。<br><br>そのため、「経済成長を続ける権利」と「気候変動対策として排出を抑える責任」の間で、大きなジレンマを抱えています。<br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>■ カーボンバジェットと主要国</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">また、中国、アメリカ、EU、インドといった主要排出国の動きは、世界全体のカーボンバジェットに大きな影響を与えます。<br><br>しかし、それぞれの国では経済発展の段階やエネルギー構造が異なるため、排出削減の負担をどう分けるべきかについては簡単に合意できないのが現実です。<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">■公平性の問題</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">以上のことから、「どの国がどれだけ責任を負うべきなのか」という公平性の問題が常に議論になります。過去に多く排出してきた国の責任を重視するのか、それとも現在の排出量や今後の発展段階を重視するのかによって、各国が負うべき責任が変わってくるからです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>つまりカーボンバジェットとは、単なる科学的な残量計算ではなく、「限られた地球の予算を、どの国がどのように分け合うのか？」という、極めて現実的な政治の問題でもあるわけです。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>ネットゼロに必要なこと</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22440" style="width:526px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/solar-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by American Public Power Association</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">カーボンバジェットという「残りわずかな排出可能量」を前に、世界は<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/net-zero/"><strong>ネットゼロ</strong></a>（CO₂の排出実質ゼロ）という目標を掲げています。<br><br><br>しかしこの目標を達成するには、社会全体の大きな転換が必要となってきます。<br><br><br>その中心となるのが、化石燃料から再生可能エネルギーへの移行と、交通や住宅などの電化。そして、建築や産業の構造改革も欠かせません。少ないエネルギーで快適に過ごせる建物や、鉄鋼やセメントなどの脱炭素化が求められます。<br><br>さらに、炭素価格制度などの仕組みを通じて、経済そのものも脱炭素に適応していく必要があります。<br><br><br>そしてこの課題は先進国だけでは解決できず、新興国や途上国の経済成長を妨げないように、どのように排出削減を進めていくのかという国際的な協力も不可欠です。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">したがって、ネットゼロとは、技術だけで達成できるものではなく、社会のシステムをのものを変える取り組みだと言えます。<br><br><br><br><br>以上、今回の記事ではカーボンバジェットの基本、それらをめぐる国際的な対立、そしてネットゼロに向けた課題について見てきました。<br><br><br>この問題は、今後ますます私たちの社会にとって重要になっていくテーマです。しっかりと記憶しておきましょう。<br><br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-budget-english/">What Is the Carbon Budget and Why It Matters for Net Zero and Climate Justice</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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		<title>How the Green Party Won Hackney in the 2026 Local Elections</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/local-election-hackney-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 18 May 2026 10:22:43 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22390</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[The Green Party achieved a historic breakthrough in Hackney’s 2026 local elections, overturning long-standing Labour dominance and reshaping the borough’s political landscape.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Well&#8230; we finally did it.<br><br>I’m genuinely really happy about this.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Local elections were held across England on 7th May, and here in Hackney, the borough of London where I live, Green Party candidates won a majority of seats and even took control of the mayoralty from Labour in what many are calling a historic victory.<br><br><br><strong>Honestly, this feels massive!</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>So in this article, I’d like to take a closer look at the local elections in Hackney.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Election Day Report</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22363" style="width:428px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by mounsey</figcaption></figure>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br>Door-to-Door Canvassing</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For over a year, we’d been knocking on doors or delivering leaflets week after week. <br><br>Election Day itself felt like the culmination of all those efforts.<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>And no matter how much local residents support the Green Party, it means very little unless people actually go to the polling station and cast their vote on the day.</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>So on Election Day, it was mainly about revisiting households we had identified over time as Green Party supporters — or voters who seemed broadly sympathetic to the Greens — and reminding them directly&#8230;<br><br>“<strong>Today’s the big day. Your vote really matters, so please make sure to get out and vote.</strong>”</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In London, especially in Hackney, Labour has held an overwhelming majority of seats for decades.<br><br>And because of that, there sometimes seemed to be an atmosphere that winning those seats was almost taken for granted.<br><br><br>In fact, I only started seeing Labour activists doing door-to-door canvassing around two weeks before Election Day, which honestly gave me the impression that there was a certain level of complacency there as well.<br><br><br><br>On the other hand, despite sensing a clear expansion of local support for the Greens, the party had historically remained a political minority in terms of seat numbers.<br><br>So even if many members felt that we had done everything we possibly could, there was still an underlying sense of anxiety and uncertainty.<br><br><br>I think that was how a lot of members honestly felt.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">verification</h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">After a long day of knocking on doors from morning until night, I headed to the town hall with my ID card, after the organiser for my local ward had asked me to take part in the verification process.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The verification process that takes place after local elections in the UK is something that is not commonly seen in Japan.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Put simply&#8230; </p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">it’s a process where ballot boxes are opened in the presence of candidates or their representatives from each party. The ballot papers are then sorted in large batches by council staff, while party observers watch closely and record the numbers as they are counted.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><strong>It’s not exactly the role of an “auditor” in a strict sense, but more like an observer whose job is to help ensure that the election process remains transparent.</strong><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">There are not that many participants compared to the number of staff involved. On top of that, the process moves at an incredible speed, so it is practically impossible to keep track of the exact vote counts.<br><br>Even so, you can still get a rough sense of how each party is performing in each ward, and the overall direction of the results.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>When I arrived at the venue, almost everyone there apart from me was either a candidate themselves or someone who had been active in the Green Party for many years. As a complete beginner, I have to admit I felt quite nervous and out of place.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The verification didn’t finish until just before 3 a.m.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">I must have been so tired that, even though it was Friday and the kids didn’t need packed lunches the next day, I still ended up making lunch as usual.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">A Historic Victory</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22367" style="width:482px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">First, it is worth noting that in Hackney, Labour has been in power since 1971 — a period of more than 55 years.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Before the election, the composition of Hackney Council was as follows: out of a total of 57 seats…</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Political Party </strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Number of Seats</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Labour</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">43</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Conservative</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">6</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Green Party</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">4</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Hackney Independent Socialist Collective</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">3</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Independent</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">1</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>And of course, the mayor was Labour too.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>That had been the political reality in Hackney for decades. However, around midday on the day after the election, the first major result began to emerge&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Zoë Garbett&nbsp;elected mayor!!!</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><strong>At that moment, it genuinely felt like the beginning of a new chapter in Hackney politics.</strong><br><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-13 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/bubble-00001-new.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Come to think of it, looking at the state of the world right now, I can’t help feeling that if someone like Zoë Garbett hadn’t been elected at this moment, then perhaps there really wouldn’t have been much hope left at all.</p>
</div></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>As the afternoon went on, the results for the councillor seats gradually started coming in.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>At first, the expectation was that even 15 seats would have been considered a huge success. But in the run-up to the election, there were also expectations that things might go well enough to reach around 30 seats&#8230; possibly even close to a majority.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">But when the final result came in…</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>an incredible 42 seats!!!</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hackney had suddenly turned Green almost overnight. The results were as follows.</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Political Party </strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Number of Seats</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Green Party</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">42</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Labour</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">9</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Conservative</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">6</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Incidentally, Hackney Downs ward, where I live, has three council seats, and all three candidates, Alastair Binnie-Lubock, Laura-Louise Fairly, and Dylan Law, were successfully elected.<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22373" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555795614129848;width:398px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">From left: Dylan Law, Laura-Louise Fairly, and Alastair Binnie-Lubock</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In particular, Dylan Law — who had only just turned 20 — was expected to be appointed Deputy Mayor if Zoë Garbett won the mayoralty, so it really could not have been a better result.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The only disappointing result was in Homerton ward, where the Hackney Independent Socialist Collective, which works closely with the Green Party, lost its seat to Labour.<br><br><br>However, despite belonging to different political organisations, the two groups share very similar political goals, and it is expected that they will continue collaborating in the future.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What a Green Mayor Means</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22370" style="aspect-ratio:1.555593239500311;width:498px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Green Party Mayor Zoë Garbett</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Having a Green Party mayor in Hackney means moving from being the side that simply proposes ideas to the side that actually makes decisions.</strong><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">It places them in a position to lead the overall direction of the council: deciding what the main priorities should be, how budgets are allocated, and which policies the council chooses to focus on.</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Up until now, the Green Party had mainly been in the position of demanding things from the outside:</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">“We need stronger climate policies!”<br>“We need more genuinely affordable housing!”<br>“We should be investing more in public services!”<br>“Stop pension funds investing in companies supplying weapons to Israel!”</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That was the kind of role the Greens had traditionally played.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>However, becoming mayor means taking on the responsibility of governing — actually operating the local authority and putting policies into action.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">For example, this could mean giving greater priority, in terms of both staffing and budget, to areas such as:</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▪️ safer infrastructure for cyclists<br>▪️ tackling air pollution<br>▪️ council housing<br>▪️ protecting green spaces<br>▪️ public transport policy<br>▪️ and community-led renewable energy projects involving local residents and organisations</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>It also means having the power to form a cabinet, appoint senior members, and set the overall direction of the administration — in other words, the ability to reshape the priorities and political atmosphere of the council itself.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Zoë Garbett had already gained a certain level of media attention through her role as a member of the London Assembly, but this election result could push her much further into the public spotlight.<br><br>And if her influence within local government continues to grow, there is the possibility that she could begin influencing other councils and even national politics.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>That said, turning all of this into reality comes with a number of significant constraints: local authority budgets, relations with central government, cooperation with Labour councillors, and coordination with the bureaucracy — all of which limit what can be achieved in practice.<br><br><br>And yet, given just how many Green Party councillors have now been elected, it is hard not to feel that someone with her energy, determination, and ability might just be able to make it work.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">My Reflections on This Election</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22372" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556019194658877;width:444px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Green Party Deputy Mayor Dylan Law</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In this local election, the Green Party achieved a dramatic breakthrough in the London Borough of Waltham Forest, next to Hackney, going from no representation at all to 31 councillors.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the London Borough of Lewisham in South London, the Greens also secured the mayoralty, while in Wales the party won its first-ever council seats — a clear sign of growing momentum for the Greens across the country.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">This suggests that many voters who are unhappy with the current political system — yet who have traditionally voted Labour or Conservative — are starting to break away from that long-established two-party framework.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>In other words, it also reflects a growing sense of urgency and concern among the public.</strong><br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">From the perspective of climate change, one of the individuals who may play an important role in shaping Hackney’s future is <strong>Dylan Law</strong>, who was appointed Deputy Mayor at the age of just 20. </h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>He appears to be a person of strong conviction and a calm, composed character.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It is younger generations who perhaps feel the reality of the climate crisis most acutely. Dylan Law’s responsibilities are likely to focus mainly on housing policy and improvements to the education system, but his future work is expected to have a strong impact on people of his own generation. <br><br><br>This, in turn, could encourage more young people to engage in politics, push back against the rise of far-right movements, and help build a faster, more internationally connected climate action movement based in London.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>And so, I’d like to extend my sincere congratulations to everyone who has been elected — truly well deserved.<br><br><br><br>konkaz</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/local-election-hackney/">イギリス地方選挙でグリーン党が歴史的大勝利 ─ ロンドン・ハックニーで起きた政治変化とは</a></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"></p>
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		<title>イギリス地方選挙でグリーン党が歴史的大勝利──ロンドン・ハックニーで起きた政治変化とは</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/local-election-hackney/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Wed, 13 May 2026 17:22:56 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22362</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[イギリス地方選挙でグリーンパーティーが大きく躍進しました。ロンドン・ハックニーでも政治の流れに変化が見られ、今回の結果は新しい動きとして注目されています。]]></description>
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<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>どうも。コンカズ (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>) と申します。<br><br><br>いやぁ、とうとうやりました！<br><br>かなり嬉しいです。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">５月７日にイングランドで地方選挙が行われたのですが、僕の住むロンドンのハックニー区では、グリーンパーティーの候補者たちが議席の多数を獲得し、さらに区長の座も労働党から奪取するという、『<strong>歴史的な勝利</strong>』を収めました。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>これはとてつもなく大きな出来事です！</strong><br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">というわけで今回は、ハックニーの地方選挙についてレポートしていきたいと思います。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">投票日レポート</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22363" style="width:436px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/polling-day-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by mounsey </figcaption></figure>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>戸別訪問</strong></h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">1年以上前から毎週続けてきた戸別訪問やチラシ配布。その集大成が、今回の投票日当日の活動でした。<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>地域の住民がどれだけグリーンパーティーを支持していても、選挙当日に実際に投票所へ足を運び、票を入れてくれなければ意味がありません。</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そのため当日の戸別訪問は、これまでの活動を通して把握してきたグリーンパーティー支持者、あるいはグリーン寄りと思われる有権者の家を回り、</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">「<strong>今日がその大事な選挙当日ですよ。あなたの一票が本当に重要なんです。ぜひ投票に行ってくださいね</strong>」</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">と直接リマインドするためのものでした。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>ロンドン、特にハックニーでは、何十年もの間、労働党が圧倒的多数の議席を占めてきました。そのため彼らには、「議席を確保するのは当然」という空気がどこか漂っていたように思われます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">実際、僕が労働党が戸別訪問をする活動を見かけるようになったのは、投票日の2週間ほど前からだったので、そこにもある種の complacency（慢心）が見えていた気がします。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>一方、グリーン側は、地元住民の支持の広がりを実感しながらも、過去の議席数を考えれば、長年マイノリティ側だったことに変わりはありません。<br><br><br>だからこそ、「やれることは全てやった」と思っていても、どこか不安が残る&#8230; それが多くのメンバーの正直な心境だったと思います。<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>verification</strong></h6>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">朝から晩までの戸別訪問を終えた後、僕は自分の住む Wardのオーガナイザーから「<strong>verification</strong>」に参加してほしいと頼まれていたので、IDを持って区役所へ向かいました。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">イギリスの地方選挙後に行われる verification は、日本ではあまり見られないプロセスです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>簡単に言うと&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">各党の候補者や代理人たちが立ち会う中で、投票箱が開封され、大量の投票用紙が仕分けされていく。その様子を各党の関係者が確認し、票数を記録していく作業です。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br><strong>厳密な</strong>「<strong>監査人</strong>」<strong>というほどではありませんが、選挙の透明性を担保するための観察者、という役割に近いと思います。</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>スタッフの人数に比べ、参加者はそれほど多くありません。しかも作業は驚くほどのスピードで進むので、正確な票数を把握するのはどうあがいても無理です。それでも、それぞれの区でどの党がどの程度票を得ているのか、大まかな空気は感じ取ることができました。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>会場に入ると、僕以外はほとんどが立候補者本人か、長年グリーンパーティーで活動してきた人たちだったので、初心者の僕は正直なところ、「かなりそわそわしていた」いったところでしょうか。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">verification が終わったのは朝3時前。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">さすがに頭が回っていなかったのか、翌日は金曜日で子どもたちのお弁当が不要だったにもかかわらず、普通に弁当を作ってしまいました。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">歴史的な勝利</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22367" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555681753648702;width:478px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/victory-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>まず、ハックニーでは、1971年以来、55年以上にわたって労働党が政権を維持してきました。選挙前までのハックニー区議会の議席構成は、全57議席のうち&#8230;</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table aligncenter"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>政党</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>議席数</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Labour (労働党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">43</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Conservative (保守党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">６</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Green Party (緑の党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">４</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Hackney Independent Socialist Collective <br>(独立社会主義グループ）</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">３</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Independent (無所属）</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">１</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そして、区長ももちろん労働党。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そんな状況だったのですが、投票日翌日の昼ごろ、まず飛び込んできたニュースが&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Zoë Garbett 区長当選!!!</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br><strong>この時点で、もう新しい歴史の始まりを感じました。</strong><br><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-13 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/bubble-00001-new.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p class="wp-block-paragraph">逆に、今世界で起きていることを考えると、このタイミングで彼女のような人物が選ばれなかったら、もう希望は残されていなかったのではないかとも思いますね。</p>
</div></div>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>そして午後になると、少しずつ区議会議員の当選結果が入ってきます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">もともとは、「15議席ぐらい取れれば大成功」という雰囲気だったらしいのですが、選挙前の予測では、うまくいけば30議席前後、過半数に届くかもしれないという話も出ていました。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">しかし、ふたを開けてみれば</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>なんと42議席！</strong><br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ハックニーは、一気にグリーンになっていました。（下がその結果。）<br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-table"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>政党</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>議席数</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Green Party (緑の党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">42</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Labour (労働党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">9</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Conservative (保守党)</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">6</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>ちなみに、僕の住む Hackney Downs ward は3議席あるのですが、アラステアさん、ローラ・ルイーズさん、ディランさんの3人がそろって当選。<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22373" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556301618209898;width:376px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/Hackney-Downs-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">From left: Dylan Law, Laura-Louise Fairly, and Alastair Binnie-Lubock</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>特に、20歳になったばかりのディランさんは、Zoë Garbett が区長に当選した場合、副区長に指名される予定だったので、これ以上ない結果だったと言えます。</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>唯一残念だったのは、Homerton wardで、Green Partyと協力関係にある Hackney Independent Socialist Collectiveの議席が Labourに奪われてしまったことです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">ただ、政党は違っていても、目指している方向は非常に近いので、これからも連携しながら活動していくことが期待されています。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>グリーンの区長誕生の意味</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22370" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555752683402821;width:506px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/zoe-garbett-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Green Party Mayor Zoë Garbett</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>Hackneyでグリーンパーティーのメンバーが区長になるという事は、これまで「提案する側」から「決定する側」へ移行することを意味します。</strong><br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">何を優先課題にするのか、どこに予算を配分するのか、Council がどの政策に力を入れるのかといった方向性を主導できる立場になります。</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>これまでグリーンパーティーは、<br><br>もっと気候政策を進めるべきだ！<br>住民が負担できる家賃の住宅を増やすべきだ！<br>公共サービスに投資すべきだ！<br>年金基金によるイスラエル向け武器企業への投資をストップしろよ！<br><br>と言った感じで、外側から要求する立場でした。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>ところが区長になれば、実際に役所を動かして政策を実行する責任を担うことになります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">例えば、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>▪️</strong>サイクリストにとって安全な環境整備<br><strong>▪️</strong>大気汚染対策<br><strong>▪️</strong>カウンシルハウジング<br><strong>▪️</strong>グリーンスペースの確保<br><strong>▪️</strong>公共交通政策<br><strong>▪️</strong>地域市民や地域団体が主体となる再生可能エネルギー事業</h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>など、より優先的に人員や予算を投入することが可能になります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>さらにキャビネットを組んで、幹部メンバーを任命したり、行政方針を設定したりなど、Council 全体の空気や優先順位そのものを変える力を持つことになります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>Zoë Garbettさんは、もともとロンドン・アセンブリーのメンバーとして一定のメディア露出がありましたが、今回の結果を受けて今後さらに注目を集める可能性があります。また、区政での影響力が強まれば、他自治体や全国政治にも影響を与える存在になることが期待されます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>ただ、これらを実現するには多くの壁があります。自治体財政の制約、中央政府との関係、労働党議員との協力、官僚組織との調整など、現実の行政運営にはさまざまな制限が伴います。<br><br><br>それでも、これだけ多くのグリーンパーテイーの議員が当選したことを考えると、活力と強い信念、そして高い能力を持つ彼女なら、やってくれそうな気がしてなりません。<br><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">今回の選挙で感じたこと</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22372" style="aspect-ratio:1.555604883462819;width:482px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/05/dylan-law-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Green Party Deputy Mayor Dylan Law</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">今回の地方選挙では、ハックニーと隣接するLondon Borough of Waltham Forestで、これまで議席ゼロだったグリーンパーティーから31人が当選しました。<br><br>また、南ロンドンのLondon Borough of Lewishamではグリーンパーティーの区長が誕生し、ウェールズでもグリーンパーティーが初議席を獲得するなど、各地でグリーン勢力の躍進が見られました。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">これは、既存政治への不満を抱えながらも、これまでは労働党か保守党のどちらかに投票する傾向が強かった有権者たちが、その従来の枠組みから徐々に抜け出し始めていることを示していると言って良いでしょう。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><strong>逆に言えば、それだけ人々が危機感を抱いていることの表れとも言えます。</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">気候変動という観点から見ると、ハックニーの将来において重要な鍵を握る人物の一人は、20歳という若さで副区長に就いたディランさんではないかと思います。彼は非常に芯が強く、落ち着いた印象を持つ人物です。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">気候変動の不安を最も直接的に感じているのは、やはり現代の若い世代です。ディランさんの担当は主に住宅政策や教育システムの改善になると思われますが、今後の彼の活動は、同世代の若者たちに大きな刺激を与えるはずです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">それによって、より多くの若い世代が政治の場に参加し、極右勢力の拡大を押し返しながら、ロンドンを拠点とした、よりスピーディーで国際的な気候対策運動へとつながっていくことを期待しています。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>というわけで、当選された皆さん、このたびは本当におめでとうございました。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/local-election-hackney-english/">How the Green Party Won Hackney in the 2026 Local Elections</a></p>
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		<title>What Is a Postal Voter in the UK? Why Postal Votes Matter in Election Campaigns</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/postal-voter-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Fri, 01 May 2026 06:38:55 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22336</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[What is a postal voter in the UK? Here, we explain how postal voting works and why political campaigns prioritise postal voters in doorknocking strategies.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>With the local elections approaching, the Green Party’s presence in Hackney has become increasingly noticeable, especially with the momentum behind Zack Polanski.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Lately, I’ve been hearing the term “<strong>postal voter</strong>” quite a lot.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">It basically means someone who votes by mail, but since I’m Japanese and don’t have the right to vote here, it’s not something I’d really paid much attention to before.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>So in this article, I’d like to look into what a “postal voter” actually is and explain it in a clear and accessible way.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>What Is a Postal Voter in the UK?</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22307" style="width:454px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">First of all, a &#8216;postal voter&#8217; is <strong>someone who votes by mail</strong> rather than going to a polling station.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In the UK, anyone can apply for a postal vote without needing to give a specific reason. Once registered, a ballot paper is sent to your home before the election.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Thanks to this UK postal voting system, voters don’t have to head to a polling station on election day—they can vote whenever it suits them.<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In other words, postal voters are…</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>people who have already cast their votes before election day.</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Why Postal Voters Matter in Election Campaigns</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="534" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22308" style="aspect-ratio:1.498154317097326;width:468px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg 800w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-768x513.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by johannes plenio</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">The current postal voting system, which is available to everyone, is a relatively recent development introduced as part of the 2000 reforms.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Since this change in the system, the number of users has increased significantly, and postal voters now play a very important role in modern elections.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><strong>One major reason for this is that their votes are cast earlier in the process.</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In postal voting, many people return their ballot within a few days after receiving it at home, so it is not uncommon for them to have already voted before election day.<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>This means that&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>part of the result has already been decided before election day even arrives.</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br><br>In addition, people who use postal voting are generally said to have higher turnout rates and a relatively strong interest in politics.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">That’s why political parties see them as voters they are keen to win over.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Why Campaigns Prioritise Postal Voters in Doorknocking</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22309" style="width:446px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">As I mentioned earlier, postal voters are really important in election campaigning, which is why they’re a key target when it comes to door knocking.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>To begin with, the timing of contacting them is crucial.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">If you visit people after they’ve received their ballot papers, there’s a chance they’ve already voted. Therefore, campaigning tends to focus heavily on the period just before and immediately after ballot papers are delivered.</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Postal voters are also <strong>people who have already expressed an intention to vote</strong>, so they’re a pretty efficient group to focus on when trying to secure votes.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>In election campaigning, it is important not to approach all voters in the same way, but to prioritise those who are more likely to vote for you.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">Furthermore, political parties have a certain level of information about who postal voters are, allowing them to narrow down which households to visit based on that data. This enables more strategic and efficient campaigning.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>As a result, postal voters are a particularly important target when it comes to door knocking.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Summary</strong></h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22315" style="width:446px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">From all of this, we can see that UK elections aren’t decided on election day alone.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">In reality, the electoral process begins well before that, and postal voters play an important role&nbsp;in that whole process.</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>Until next time.<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/postal-voter/">イギリスの郵便投票はなぜ重要？戸別訪問（doorknocking）で重視される理由</a></p>
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		<title>イギリスの郵便投票はなぜ重要？戸別訪問（doorknocking）で重視される理由</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/postal-voter/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 08:12:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22306</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[イギリスの郵便投票（postal voter）はなぜ重要なのか？戸別訪問（doorknocking）で優先される理由や、選挙戦略における役割を詳しく解説します。]]></description>
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<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br>地方選挙の日程が近づいてきました。リーダーのザク・ポランスキーさんの勢いもあって、僕の住むハックニーでは、ここのところ Green Party 存在感が強まっているのを肌で感じます。<br><br><br><br>そんな中、&#8221;<strong>Postal Voter</strong>&#8221; と言うフレーズをよく耳にするようになりました。<br><br><br>直訳すると「<strong>郵便投票者</strong>」となるわけですが、僕自身は日本人で投票権を持っていないこともあり、これまでその仕組みに特別な興味を示したことはありませんでした。<br><br><br><br>そこで、今回の記事では、 Postal Voterとは実際にどんなものなのかを調べて、分かりやすくまとめてみたいと思います。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Postal Voter とは何か？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22307" style="aspect-ratio:1.555618072356946;width:467px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず、Postal Voterとは、投票所に行くのではなく、<strong>郵送で投票を行う有権者</strong>のことを指します。<br><br><br>イギリスでは、特にこれと言った理由がなくても、誰でも郵便投票を申請することができます。登録を済ませると、選挙前に投票用紙が自宅に送られてくる仕組みです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>この UK postal voting systemのおかげで、有権者は選挙当日に投票所へ行かなくても、自分の都合に合わせて投票することができるわけです。<br><br><br><br><br>つまり、Postal Voterは、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>選挙日より前にすでに投票する人たち</strong></h4>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>と言い換えることもできます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Postal Voterが選挙で重要な理由</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="534" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22308" style="aspect-ratio:1.498154317097326;width:467px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg 800w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-768x513.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by johannes plenio</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">現在のように誰でも利用できる郵便投票制度は、2000年の制度改革によって導入された比較的新しい仕組みのようです。<br><br><br>この制度変更があって以来、利用者が大きく増加したこともあり、Postal Voterは現代の選挙において非常に重要な役割を果たしています。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><strong>その大きな理由の一つは、</strong>「<strong>投票が早く終わること</strong>」<strong>です。</strong></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>郵便投票では、投票用紙が自宅に届いた後、数日以内に返送する人が多く、選挙日前にすでに投票を終えているケースが少なくありません。<br><br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">つまり、</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>選挙当日を待たずに、すでに結果の一部が決まっている</strong></h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>とも言えます。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br>さらに、郵便投票を利用する人は一般的に投票率が高く、政治への関心も比較的高い傾向があると言われています。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">こうした理由から、各政党にとって「確実に取りにいきたい票」として重視されているのです。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">なぜ 戸別訪問で特に重要なのか？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22309" style="width:518px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Siora Photography</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">というわけで、Postal Voterが選挙運動において非常に重要な存在だというのは上に述べた通りで、そのような理由から、Postal Voterは戸別訪問において特に重要なターゲットとなります。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">まず、彼らを訪問するタイミングがめちゃめちゃ大事です。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">投票用紙が届いた後に訪問しても、すでに投票を終えてしまっている可能性があるので、選挙運動では「投票用紙が届く直前から直後」にかけて集中的に訪問が行われます。</h5>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>また、Postal Voterはすでに<strong>投票する意思がある人たち</strong>なので、効率的に票を確保できる対象でもあります。<br><br><br>選挙運動では、すべての有権者に同じようにアプローチするわけではなく、投票してくれる可能性が高い人に優先的に働きかけることが重要になってきます。<br></p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br><br>さらに、政党は誰がPostal Voterであるかをある程度把握しているため、そのデータに基づいて訪問先を絞り込むことができます。これによって、より戦略的で効率的な選挙活動が可能になってくるわけです。<br><br><br>こうした背景から、Postal Voterは戸別訪問において特に重要なターゲットとなります。</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph"><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22315" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555938631270472;width:540px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by koleida</figcaption></figure>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">以上のことから、Postal Voterについて理解すると、イギリスの選挙が「投票日当日だけ」で決まるのではないという事実が見えてきます。<br><br><br>選挙は、その前の段階からすでに始まっていて、Postal Voterはその流れの中で重要な役割を果たしているというわけなのです。<br><br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p class="wp-block-paragraph">*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/postal-voter-english/">What Is a Postal Voter in the UK? Why Postal Votes Matter in Election Campaigns</a></p>
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