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	<title>”独り言英語のススメ”  BY コンカズ</title>
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	<link>https://www.konkaz.com</link>
	<description>グローバル化による個人の時代の到来... 英会話を日常生活の習慣として少しずつでも取り入れていこう！</description>
	<lastBuildDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 08:39:41 +0000</lastBuildDate>
	<language>ja</language>
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		<title>イギリスの郵便投票はなぜ重要？戸別訪問（doorknocking）で重視される理由</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/postal-voter/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 27 Apr 2026 08:12:35 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[politics]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22306</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[イギリスの郵便投票（postal voter）はなぜ重要なのか？戸別訪問（doorknocking）で優先される理由や、選挙戦略における役割を詳しく解説します。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>どうも。コンカズ (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>) と申します。<br><br><br><br>地方選挙の日程が近づいてきました。リーダーのザク・ポランスキーさんの勢いもあって、僕の住むハックニーでは、ここのところ Green Party 存在感が強まっているのを肌で感じます。<br><br><br><br>そんな中、&#8221;<strong>Postal Voter</strong>&#8221; と言うフレーズをよく耳にするようになりました。<br><br><br>直訳すると「<strong>郵便投票者</strong>」となるわけですが、僕自身は日本人で投票権を持っていないこともあり、これまでその仕組みに特別な興味を示したことはありませんでした。<br><br><br><br>そこで、今回の記事では、 Postal Voterとは実際にどんなものなのかを調べて、分かりやすくまとめてみたいと思います。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Postal Voter とは何か？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img fetchpriority="high" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22307" style="aspect-ratio:1.555618072356946;width:467px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/envelope-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p>まず、Postal Voterとは、投票所に行くのではなく、<strong>郵送で投票を行う有権者</strong>のことを指します。<br><br><br>イギリスでは、特にこれと言った理由がなくても、誰でも郵便投票を申請することができます。登録を済ませると、選挙前に投票用紙が自宅に送られてくる仕組みです。</p>



<p><br>この UK postal voting systemのおかげで、有権者は選挙当日に投票所へ行かなくても、自分の都合に合わせて投票することができるわけです。<br><br><br><br><br>つまり、Postal Voterは、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>選挙日より前にすでに投票する人たち</strong></h4>



<p><br>と言い換えることもできます。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Postal Voterが選挙で重要な理由</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="800" height="534" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22308" style="aspect-ratio:1.498154317097326;width:467px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post.jpg 800w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-300x200.jpg 300w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/uk-post-768x513.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by johannes plenio</figcaption></figure>



<p>現在のように誰でも利用できる郵便投票制度は、2000年の制度改革によって導入された比較的新しい仕組みのようです。<br><br><br>この制度変更があって以来、利用者が大きく増加したこともあり、Postal Voterは現代の選挙において非常に重要な役割を果たしています。<br></p>



<p><br><strong>その大きな理由の一つは、</strong>「<strong>投票が早く終わること</strong>」<strong>です。</strong></p>



<p><br>郵便投票では、投票用紙が自宅に届いた後、数日以内に返送する人が多く、選挙日前にすでに投票を終えているケースが少なくありません。<br><br></p>



<p>つまり、</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>選挙当日を待たずに、すでに結果の一部が決まっている</strong></h5>



<p><br>とも言えます。</p>



<p><br>さらに、郵便投票を利用する人は一般的に投票率が高く、政治への関心も比較的高い傾向があると言われています。<br></p>



<p>こうした理由から、各政党にとって「確実に取りにいきたい票」として重視されているのです。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">なぜ 戸別訪問（doorknocking) で特に重要なのか？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22309" style="width:518px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/Siora-Photography-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Siora Photography</figcaption></figure>



<p>というわけで、Postal Voterが選挙運動において非常に重要な存在だというのは上に述べた通りで、そのような理由から、Postal Voterは door knocking おいて特に重要なターゲットとなります。<br></p>



<p>まず、彼らを訪問するタイミングがめちゃめちゃ大事です。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">投票用紙が届いた後に訪問しても、すでに投票を終えてしまっている可能性があるので、選挙運動では「投票用紙が届く直前から直後」にかけて集中的に訪問が行われます。</h5>



<p><br><br>また、Postal Voterはすでに<strong>投票する意思がある人たち</strong>なので、効率的に票を確保できる対象でもあります。<br><br><br>選挙運動では、すべての有権者に同じようにアプローチするわけではなく、投票してくれる可能性が高い人に優先的に働きかけることが重要になってきます。<br></p>



<p><br><br>さらに、政党は誰がPostal Voterであるかをある程度把握しているため、そのデータに基づいて訪問先を絞り込むことができます。これによって、より戦略的で効率的な選挙活動が可能になってくるわけです。<br><br><br>こうした背景から、Postal Voterは door knocking において特に重要なターゲットとなります。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">まとめ</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22315" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555938631270472;width:540px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/04/koleida-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by koleida</figcaption></figure>



<p>以上のことから、Postal Voterについて理解すると、イギリスの選挙が「投票日当日だけ」で決まるのではないという事実が見えてきます。<br><br><br>選挙は、その前の段階からすでに始まっていて、Postal Voterはその流れの中で重要な役割を果たしているというわけなのです。<br><br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>Home Electricity and Carbon Emissions: Easy Ways to Reduce Your Impact</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-energy-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 22 Mar 2026 07:58:18 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22283</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A large share of your carbon footprint comes from the energy you use at home—often without you noticing. Here are easy ways to cut emissions starting today.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).<br><br><br>When we talk about our carbon footprint, <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food-english/">food</a> and <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport-english/">travel</a> tend to get most of the attention. But the electricity and energy we use at home also make up a significant share.<br><br><br>These are emissions <strong>quietly add up day after day, largely unnoticed.</strong><br><br><br><br>The good news is that you don’t have to completely change your lifestyle to cut electricity use. Small tweaks can make a real difference. It’s something we should all be more aware of.</p>



<p><br>In this article, we’ll look at the relationship between household energy use and carbon footprint in three key points.<br><br><br><br><br>*<strong>As in other carbon footprint articles, I use “CO₂” here for the sake of clarity to mean total greenhouse gas emissions. In practice, this includes other gases such as methane and is measured as CO₂e.</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Household electricity: ~30% of total emissions</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22253" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555829734731648;width:482px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by jaye haych</figcaption></figure>



<p>It is said that <strong>roughly 30%</strong> of an individual’s carbon footprint comes from household energy use, such as electricity and gas.<br><br><br>In everyday life, whether in Japan or the UK, the energy we use at home typically produces around 1 kilogram of CO₂ per day, though this can vary depending on the season and household habits.<br></p>



<p>Electricity use at home doesn’t produce visible smoke or fumes like car exhaust, so it’s often difficult to notice the CO₂ it generates. <br><br><br><br>In reality, much of our electricity comes from fossil fuel power plants, which release CO₂ in the process.<br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Put simply, every time you turn on a switch, CO₂ is being released at the power plant somewhere behind the scenes.</strong></h4>



<p><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The carbon footprint of household electricity use</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22263" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555820326462528;width:476px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by nikita-fursenko</figcaption></figure>



<p>So where does most of the CO₂ from home energy use actually come from?<br><br><br>For most households, it’s <strong>heating, cooling, and hot water</strong> that make up the biggest portion.<br><br><br><br>Air conditioning, heating, and producing hot water for showers and baths all require a relatively large amount of energy. <br><br><br><br>In the UK, most homes rely on gas boilers for this, while in Japan, air conditioners and water heaters account for a big part of household energy use.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>In other words, reducing household CO₂ emissions largely depends on how we use heating, cooling, and hot water.</strong></h5>



<p><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Small adjustments and smarter energy choices</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22259" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556142668428006;width:498px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by analogicus</figcaption></figure>



<p>Hearing “energy saving” might make you think of giving up comfort.</p>



<p><br>But in fact, even simple tweaks like:</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▪️<strong>adjusting your heating or air conditioning by just 1°C<br></strong><br>▪️<strong>shortening your showers a bit<br></strong><br>▪️<strong>switching off lights in rooms you’re not using</strong></h4>



<p><br>can have a big impact.</p>



<p><br><br>Whether in Japan or the UK, taking these small steps day by day can help cut CO₂ emissions from your home little by little.<br><br><br><br>These days, you also have more choices, including:</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▪️<strong>picking power companies that supply renewable energy<br></strong><br>▪️<strong>using electricity in ways that produce less CO₂ (like switching to LED lights)</strong></h4>



<p><br><br><br>It’s possible to cut CO₂ emissions without drastically changing your lifestyle, simply by selecting electricity from a provider that relies on renewable or low-carbon sources.<br></p>



<p><br><strong>Individual actions may seem small, but when these efforts add up, they can make a significant impact on reducing emissions across society.</strong><br></p>



<p><br>For the sake of the next generation, everyone should try to keep these points in mind in their daily lives.</p>



<p><br><br>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p>*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-energy/">家庭の電気はカーボンフットプリントの約3割？電気とCO₂排出の関係と今すぐできる削減方法</a></p>



<p></p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>家庭の電気はカーボンフットプリントの約3割？電気とCO₂排出の関係と今すぐできる削減方法</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-energy/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 16 Mar 2026 16:28:10 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22252</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[家庭で使う電気は、カーボンフットプリントの約3割を占めるとも言われています。電気とCO₂排出の関係を解説し、日常生活でできる簡単な削減方法を紹介します。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。</p>



<p><br>カーボンフットプリントというと、<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food/">食事</a>や<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport/">移動</a>が注目されがちですが、家庭で使う電気やエネルギーもかなりの割合を占めています。</p>



<p>しかもこれは、<strong>意識しないまま毎日続いている排出</strong>です。<br><br><br>電気の使用は、普段の生活を大きく変えなくても、少しの工夫で減らすことができるので、ここはぜひ意識しておきたいポイントです。</p>



<p><br><br>というわけで今回は、家庭のエネルギーとカーボンフットプリントの関係について、3つのポイントで見ていきます。<br><br></p>



<p><strong>*他のカーボンフットプリントの記事と同様に、ここでは分かりやすさを優先し、温室効果ガス全体の排出量を「CO₂」と表記しています。実際には、メタンなども含めた「CO₂換算（CO₂e）」の値となります。</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">家庭の電気はカーボンフットプリントの約３割</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22253" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556108980425363;width:488px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/jaye-haych-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by jaye haych<br></figcaption></figure>



<p>一般的に、個人のカーボンフットプリントのうちの<strong>約3割ぐらい</strong>が、電気やガスなどの家庭エネルギーの使用から生じていると言われています。<br><br><br>日本でもイギリスでも、日々の生活で使う電気やエネルギーだけで、1日あたりおよそ1kgのCO₂が発生します。ただし、家庭や季節によって変わるため、少しずつ積み重なると意外と無視できない量になります。</p>



<p><br>家の中で電気を使っても、車の排気ガスのように目に見えるものが出るわけではないので、電気を使うことでCO₂が出ているという実感は湧きにくいかもしれません。<br><br><br>しかし、その電気は多くの場合、化石燃料を使った火力発電で作られており、そこでCO₂が排出されています。<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>つまり、スイッチを入れると、その裏側では発電所でCO₂が出ているというつながりがあるのです。</strong></h4>



<p><br><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">家庭の電気使用がつくるカーボンフットプリント</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22263" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556161098697476;width:474px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/nikita-fursenko-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by nikita-fursenko</figcaption></figure>



<p>それでは、家庭で使うエネルギーの中で、どこがCO₂の排出に大きく貢献しているのでしょうか？</p>



<p><br>その答えですが、多くの家庭で大きな割合を占めているのは、<br><br><strong>冷暖房とお湯</strong><br><br>です。</p>



<p><br>エアコンや暖房、そしてシャワーやお風呂で使うお湯を作るためには、比較的多くのエネルギーが必要になります。</p>



<p>イギリスではガスボイラーによる暖房と給湯が一般的で、日本でもエアコンや給湯器が家庭のエネルギー使用の大きな部分を占めています。<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>つまり、家庭のCO₂排出量を減らすうえでは、この冷暖房とお湯の使い方が大きなポイントになるのです</strong>。</h5>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">小さな調節と電力の選択</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22259" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555674004583977;width:498px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/analogicus-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by analogicus</figcaption></figure>



<p>エネルギー削減と聞くと、不便な生活を想像する人もいるかもしれません。<br></p>



<p><br>でも実際には、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▪️<strong>冷暖房の設定温度を1℃変える<br>▪️シャワーの時間を少し短くする<br>▪️使っていない部屋の電気を消す</strong></h4>



<p><br>といった小さな調整でも、かなりの効果を生み出すことができます。<br><br><br><br>日本でもイギリスでも、こうした小さな工夫を積み重ねることで、家庭から出るCO₂を少しずつ減らしていくことができます。<br><br><br><br><br>さらに、最近では、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▪️<strong>再生可能エネルギーを利用する電力会社を選ぶ</strong><br>▪️<strong>CO₂排出の少ない電気の使い方を意識する</strong> (<strong>LED照明を選ぶなど</strong>）</h4>



<p><br>といった選択肢も増えてきました。<br><br></p>



<p>生活を大きく変えなくても、どこから電気を買うかを変えるだけでCO₂の排出量を減らすことも可能です。<br><br><br><br><strong>一人ひとりの行動は小さく見えるかもしれませんが、こうした取り組みが積み重なれば、社会全体の排出量を減らす大きな力になります。<br></strong><br><br><br>次の世代のためにも、皆さんも毎日の生活の中で、こうした点を少し意識して行動していきましょう。<br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p>*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-energy-english/">Home Electricity and Carbon Emissions: Easy Ways to Reduce Your Impact</a></p>



<p></p>
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		<title>Planet over Profit: How Friends of the Earth is Fighting Corporate Harm and Climate Crisis</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/friends-of-the-earth-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Mar 2026 10:43:40 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22233</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Discover how Friends of the Earth’s Planet over Profit campaign holds corporations accountable, protects human rights, and tackles the climate crisis worldwide.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p>A couple of years ago, I read&nbsp;<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/this-changes-everything-english/">This Changes Everything</a>&nbsp;by&nbsp;Naomi Klein, and it really shocked me. It made me realise that&nbsp;no matter how much money we earn or how much wealth we leave behind, our children won’t have a good future unless we solve the climate crisis. That realisation led me to start supporting the&nbsp;Green Party in January last year.<br></p>



<p>After that, I started reading lots of books and taking an online course to learn more about the climate crisis. <br><br><br>As I kept learning, I began to wonder if there was something more I could do beyond simply supporting a political party — something that would help me grow and become more active myself. <br><br><br>Then I discovered that there was a local branch of <strong>Friends of the Earth</strong> in Hackney where I live, so I decided to get involved.<br><br><br><br>So this time, I’d like to introduce&nbsp;<em>Friends of the Earth</em>.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What is Friends of the Earth?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22210" style="width:472px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p><strong>Friends of the Earth</strong>&nbsp;(<strong>FoE</strong>) is one of the world’s largest grassroots environmental networks, working in more than 70 countries around the world. (There is even a branch in Japan.)</p>



<p><br>Since its founding in 1969, FoE has argued that environmental destruction does not happen by accident. It is the result of the political and economic choices we make as societies. For that reason, FoE does not see climate change as a purely technical problem that can be solved simply through individual efforts or small lifestyle changes.<br><br><br><br>By the way, the person in the photo below is&nbsp;<strong>Asad Rehman</strong>, who has been serving as the CEO of Friends of the Earth in the UK since the summer of 2025.<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="800" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22255" style="width:266px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R.jpg 800w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-300x300.jpg 300w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-150x150.jpg 150w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-768x768.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></figure>



<p><br>Rehman&nbsp;often emphasises that climate change cannot be separated from issues such as inequality, poverty and racism. This perspective is shaped by his own experiences growing up in a working-class community and facing racial discrimination.</p>



<p>He is therefore trying to reshape&nbsp;Friends of the Earth&nbsp;into more than just a “green organisation”, but rather a movement that challenges injustice through grassroots action.<br><br><br><br>At COP30&nbsp;last year, he also argued that polluters must be held accountable for the damage they cause. His interventions in global negotiations suggest that FoE could develop into a movement that resonates with a far broader public.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What is the&nbsp;<strong>Planet over Profit</strong>&nbsp;campaign?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22216" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556082523120702;width:526px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by yogendras31</figcaption></figure>



<p>Soon after I signed up to get involved with&nbsp;Friends of the Earth, I received an email informing me that a monthly meeting would be held in my neighbourhood.<br><br><br>When I arrived, I found that they were already planning a film event scheduled to take place two months later as part of the <strong>Planet over Profit</strong> campaign.<br></p>



<p><br><br>The&nbsp;<strong>Planet over Profit</strong>&nbsp;campaign calls for&#8230; </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">a new UK law that would prevent British companies from profiting from human rights abuses and environmental destruction through their supply chains.</h4>



<p><br><br><strong>In other words, it is based on the idea that the planet and human rights should come before profit, and it aims to place stronger legal responsibilities on corporations.</strong></p>



<p><br><br>The campaign seeks to introduce legal obligations that require companies to take responsibility for the following.<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong>Preventing human rights abuses</h6>



<p>At the heart of the issue is&nbsp;how the products we use every day are actually made.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️Workers are paid wages so low that they cannot afford a basic standard of living.<br><br>▪️They are often prevented from forming trade unions and forced to work long hours under harsh conditions.<br><br>▪️Children are deprived of education and made to work on plantations or in factories.</h5>



<p><br>These practices still take place&nbsp;<strong>out of sight</strong>, allowing multinational corporations to produce goods at very low cost.<br></p>



<p>Planet over Profit demands&nbsp;strong laws that hold companies accountable and make it a legal obligation for them to respect human rights at every stage of their operations — from sourcing raw materials to manufacturing and selling products.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong>Transitioning to environmentally responsible business practices</h6>



<p>Business strategies designed to&nbsp;cut costs and maximise profits&nbsp;are also causing severe environmental damage.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️Deforestation that destroys ecosystems<br><br>▪️Soil and water contamination caused by toxic chemicals<br><br>▪️Large-scale developments that come at the expense of local communities</h5>



<p><br>This action aims to&nbsp;challenge a system that allows companies to profit from harm while shifting the real costs onto nature and vulnerable communities.<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong>Taking responsibility and responding when harm occurs</h6>



<p>In most cases, local communities that suffer harm have no choice but to remain silent, as they do not know where to seek justice and lack the financial resources to take legal action against powerful multinational companies.<br><br><br>Planet over Profit is calling for&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️Companies to be required to explain and take responsibility for harm caused by their activities<br><br>▪️Laws that ensure companies cannot escape accountability for abuses committed overseas<br><br>▪️Mechanisms that allow victims to seek compensation and redress</h5>



<p><br><br><strong>In a society where profit comes first, environmental destruction, social inequality, and human suffering are conveniently ignored, allowing us consumers in wealthy countries to avoid facing these issues.</strong><br><br><br>Friends of the Earth points out that this very mindset is what has caused climate collapse, biodiversity loss, and widening global inequality.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">How does the campaign work?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22220" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555788370874803;width:502px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by llya Smenov</figcaption></figure>



<p>So how does the campaign work to achieve its goals?<br><br><br>In events like the film screening I attended, people from all walks of life — including local residents, borough councillors, and representatives of local businesses — are invited to join.</p>



<p>At the event, an open letter explaining the ideas behind Planet over Profit is presented, and attendees are encouraged to sign it if they support its message.<br><br></p>



<p><strong>After collecting as many signatures as possible, they are compiled as the</strong>&nbsp;<strong>“voice of the community”</strong>&nbsp;<strong>and submitted to the local MP.</strong><br><br><br>In other words&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">“In your constituency, this many people agree with this message and are calling for change. Please raise this issue in Parliament.”</h4>



<p><br><br>The Planet over Profit campaign aims to&nbsp;bring these grassroots voices into the political arena.<br><br><br><br>If we ignore the realities we’ve talked about and let a few big companies get bigger, it will sooner or later impact all of us—even those of us who feel it’s someone else’s problem.<br><br><br>I hope we can create a world not just for achieving our personal goals, but also as fellow humans sharing the same planet, and keep doing what we can in our own corners of the world.<br><br><br><br>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p>*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/friends-of-the-earth/">環境団体 Friends of the Earth とは？「Planet over Profit」が示す気候変動への答え</a></p>
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			</item>
		<item>
		<title>環境団体 Friends of the Earth とは？「Planet over Profit」が示す気候変動への答え</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/friends-of-the-earth/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 03 Mar 2026 12:19:38 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22208</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[環境破壊や不平等はなぜ止まらないのか。
Friends of the Earthの「Planet over Profit」を通して、気候変動の本質と解決への視点を紹介します。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。</p>



<p>一昨年、<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/this-changes-everything/">This Changes Everything</a> (Naomi Klein 著) を読んで衝撃を受け、自分がどれだけ稼いで資産を残したところで、気候危機を解決しない限り、子供達に良い未来は待っていないと実感し、去年の1月から Green Party をサポートするようになりました。<br><br><br>その後、色々と本を読み漁ったり、オンラインコースを受けたりして学んでいくうちに、政党をサポートすること以外にも、自分自身が成長し、もっと動けるようになれる方法はないかと考えていたところ、自分の住む&nbsp;Hackney区にも&nbsp;<strong>Friends of the Earth</strong>&nbsp;の地域支部があることを知り、思い切って関わってみることにしました。<br><br><br>ということで今回は、その Friends of the Earth を紹介する記事となります。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Friends of the Earth とは？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22210" style="width:474px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p><strong>Friends of the Earth</strong> (以下<strong>FoE</strong>) は、環境保護を目的として、70か国以上で活動する世界最大級の草の根ネットワークのひとつ。(日本にもあります！）<br><br><br>1969年の設立以来、環境破壊は偶然起きているのではなく、私たちがどのような政治や経済の選択をしてきたかによって生じている結果だと訴え続けてきました。そのため、気候変動を「一人ひとりの努力」や「ちょっとした生活習慣の改善」だけで解決できる技術的な問題だとは捉えていません。<br><br><br><br>ちなみに下の写真は、2025年の夏からイギリスの FoE の最高経営責任者として活躍している <strong>Asad Rehman</strong> (アサド・レーマン）さん。<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="800" height="800" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22255" style="width:260px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R.jpg 800w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-300x300.jpg 300w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-150x150.jpg 150w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/Asad-R-768x768.jpg 768w" sizes="(max-width: 800px) 100vw, 800px" /></figure>



<p><br>レーマンさんは、彼自身が育った労働者階級の環境や人種差別の経験から、気候変動は不平等、貧困、差別と切り離せない問題だと強調しており、FoE を単なる「緑の団体」ではなく、草の根の運動を通じて不正義に挑戦する組織として再構築しようとしています。<br><br><br>また彼は、昨年の COP30 で、汚染者（polluters）にこそ責任を負わせるべきだと発言していて、国際交渉の場でも積極的に訴える姿勢を見せていることから、FoEが今後、より広い層に響く運動へと発展する可能性を示しています。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Planet over Profit</strong> って、どんなプロジェクト？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22216" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555969454274539;width:527px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/yogendras31-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by yogendras31</figcaption></figure>



<p>さて、僕が FoE に参加する事にサインしてしばらくすると、月一のミーティングが近所で行われるというメールが届いたので、足を運んでみると、そこでは２ヶ月後に <strong>Planet over Profit</strong> というキャンペーンの一環として行われる映画イベントの企画が進められているところでした。<br><br><br><br>この <strong>Planet over Profit </strong>とは</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">英国企業がサプライチェーンを通じて人権侵害や環境破壊から利益を得ることを防ぐための、新しい英国法の制定を求めるキャンペーン。</h4>



<p><br><br><strong>つまり、利益よりも地球と人権を優先すべきだという考え方に基づいて、企業活動により強い法的責任を課そうとする取り組みです。</strong><br><br><br><br>このキャンペーンは、企業に対して次のような責任を法的に義務付けることを目指しています。<br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong> 人権侵害の防止</h6>



<p>ここで問題とされているのは、私たちが日常的に使っている商品が、どのような条件で作られているのかという点です。<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️労働者が、生活できないほどの低賃金で働かされる<br>▪️労働組合を作る事が禁止され、過酷な労働条件で長時間働かされる<br>▪️児童たちが教育の機会を奪われ、農園や工場で働かされる</h5>



<p><br>といった事が、多国籍企業が低予算で商品を生産するために、私たちからは見えない所でいまだに行われています。<br></p>



<p>Planet over Profit は、これらの行動に対する責任を企業に課して、原材料の調達から製造、販売に至るまで、人権を守る義務を法的に明確にすることを求めています。<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong> 環境を犠牲にしないビジネスへの転換</h6>



<p>コストを削減して大儲けしようとするビジネスは、環境にも深刻な被害をもたらしています。</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️森林破壊による生態系の衰退<br>▪️有害な化学物質による土壌・水質汚染<br>▪️地元住民の生活を犠牲にした大規模開発</h5>



<p><br>企業がこのような「加害行為」で利益を得る一方で、自然や地域社会にコストを押し付ける構造そのものを変えようとするアクションです。<br><br><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>🔹</strong> 被害発生時の責任と対応</h6>



<p>基本的に被害を受けた地域住民は、「どこに訴えたらいいのかわからない」「デカい企業を相手に裁判を起こす力がない」といった理由で、泣き寝入りするパターンがほとんどです。<br></p>



<p>Planet over Profit が求めているのは、</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▪️企業の活動によって生じた被害を説明する責任を負う<br>▪️国外での企業活動でも、責任を逃れられない法律を制定する<br>▪️被害者が補償や是正を求められる仕組みを整える</h5>



<p><br>という内容になります。<br></p>



<p><br><strong>利益が最優先される社会では、環境破壊や社会的不平等、人々の苦しみは都合よく無視され、私たち先進国の消費者がそれを直視しなくて済む仕組みが作られています。<br></strong><br><br>FoEは、まさにこの発想こそが、気候崩壊、生物多様性の喪失、そして世界的な格差拡大を引き起こしてきた原因だと指摘しています。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">キャンペーンは、どうやって進められる？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22220" style="width:504px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/03/FoE-3-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by llya Smenov</figcaption></figure>



<p>さて、上の目的を達成するためにキャンペーンが、どのように進められるのかということですが、今回僕が参加する映画イベントのように、一般の住民をはじめ、区議会議員や地元ビジネスの代表など、さまざまな立場の人たちを地域のイベントに招きます。</p>



<p>イベントでは、Planet over Profit の考え方を盛り込んだ<strong>オープンレター</strong>が紹介され、その内容に賛成であれば署名をしてもらいます。<br><br><br><br><strong>こうやってできるだけ多くの署名を集めた後、それらは「地域の声」としてまとめられ、地元選挙区の国会議員に提出されます。</strong><br><br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">「あなたの選挙区には、これだけ多くの人がこの内容に同意し、現状の改善を求めています。<br>ぜひ国会で、この問題を取り上げてください。」</h4>



<p><br>って事です。<br><br><br><br>Planet over Profit のキャンペーンは、そうした草の根の声を、実際に政治の場へと届けることを目指しているというわけです。<br><br><br><br><br>最後に、これら前述の事実を無視して一部の企業が巨大化する事を放っておくことは、今は他人事と思っている私たちにも、後々確実に影響してきます。<br><br><br>自分だけの目標を達成する世界以外にも、同じ惑星に住むひとりの人間としての世界も作って、それぞれの場所でできることを続けていけたらと思います。<br><br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p>*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/friends-of-the-earth-english/">Planet over Profit: How Friends of the Earth is Fighting Corporate Harm and Climate Crisis</a><br><br></p>
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		<title>Leaseholder Rights Explained: Inside the Green Party Q&#038;A Event in Dalston</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/knowledge-lab-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sat, 28 Feb 2026 23:36:15 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[life in the UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22191</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[A free Green Party–hosted Q&#038;A in Dalston brought together leaseholders facing problems with service charges and freeholders, offering practical advice on rights, evidence, and recent legal changes.]]></description>
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<p></p>



<p>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p>Recently, I dropped by a Q&amp;A event in Dalston organised by the Green Party for leaseholders facing various problems.</p>



<p>I’d heard the term&nbsp;<em>leaseholder</em>&nbsp;before, but if I’m being honest, I didn’t fully understand it until I attended the event. <br><br>(I’d always assumed that anyone paying rent for a flat was a leaseholder.)<br><br><br>So this article is a chance to understand what’s happening in my local area, as well as a report on an event I attended partly to educate myself, despite the fact that I turned up pretending I knew more than I actually did.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">What is a leaseholder?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22170" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555795614129848;width:492px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by MinimumViablePhotographer</figcaption></figure>



<p>To begin with, because it is common in Japan to own both the land and the building outright, the idea of&nbsp;<em>leasehold</em>&nbsp;is not something many people are familiar with.</p>



<p>In the UK, by contrast, it’s perfectly normal for flats to be leasehold, and for native speakers this is more or less common knowledge. So I initially assumed that because I rent a flat and pay rent, I must be a leaseholder as well.&nbsp;<br><br><br>That assumption, however, turned out to be completely wrong.<br></p>



<p><br>Unlike <strong>tenants</strong> like me who renew their contracts annually, a&nbsp;<strong>leaseholder</strong>&nbsp;is&#8230; </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">someone who has purchased a flat but does not fully own it.  They hold long-term rights, often for 99, 125, or even 999 years, while a separate freeholder owns the land and the building itself.</h4>



<p><br><br>Therefore, while people known as leaseholders may appear to own their homes, in reality they must continue to pay <strong>ground rent</strong> and <strong>service charges</strong> to the freeholder.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The reality of leaseholders revealed at a Dalston Q&amp;A</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22164" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556208958149564;width:460px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">From right to left: Rachel, Zoë, and Alastair, from Hackney Green Party</figcaption></figure>



<p>By the time I arrived at the <strong>Hackney Community Centre</strong> in Dalston, the usual faces from the Green Party were in the middle of setting up. Antoinette, who was hosting the event, was in conversation with the professionals who would later be answering questions from the audience.<br><br><br>In no time at all, people poured in and the venue was suddenly packed. And just like that, the event kicked off.<br></p>



<p>The first speaker was Amber, who had managed to navigate a difficult situation: despite the front door of her leased flat being left broken for a whole year, her service charges had doubled over two years, leaving her worried that she might not be able to find a buyer when she eventually moves out.<br><br>She shared her know-how based on her experience of taking over the management rights from the freeholder by using the <strong><a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.gov.uk/right-to-manage-a-guide-for-landlords">Right to Manage</a></strong>.<br><br></p>



<p>Next up was Ian from&nbsp;<strong><a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://anthonygold.co.uk">Anthony Gold Solicitors</a></strong>.<br><br>He also explained another option called &#8220;Collective Enfranchisement,&#8221; where leaseholders come together to purchase the freehold. This is at the same valuation level as the Right to Manage from the freeholder, but it’s very powerful since it gives them complete control over the property.</p>



<p>He also spoke about the new &#8220;Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act 2024&#8221;, which is still under consideration, explaining that the government might strengthen lease extension rights in the future and highlighting key points to keep in mind when taking service charge disputes to the First-tier Tribunal.<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="450" height="700" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22159" style="aspect-ratio:0.6428830321545074;width:262px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder.jpg 450w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder-193x300.jpg 193w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" /></figure>



<p><br><br>The final speaker was Martin from the <strong><a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.leaseholdknowledge.com">Leasehold Knowledge Partnership</a></strong>.<br><br><br>He went on to explain the details of the &#8220;Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act 2024&#8221; in greater depth.<br><br><br>Previously, even when leaseholders won their case at the First-tier Tribunal, they could not recover their legal fees. On top of that, freeholders were often able to add their own legal costs to the service charge, leaving leaseholders at a clear disadvantage.</p>



<p>Under the 2024 Act, however, freeholders will face limits on their ability to pass on legal costs. As a result, leaseholders may in future be able to recover their costs if they win their case.</p>



<p>I was struck by the emphasis on the fact that, in tribunal cases, you have to prove that your evidence is more reliable than the other side’s. This is why <strong>it is vital to keep collecting evidence on a day-to-day basis</strong>.</p>



<p>Freeholders often argue that they are professionals who are doing things properly, and that leaseholders are just overreacting because they do not fully understand complicated matters. Because tribunals sometimes accept these arguments, having strong evidence can make all the difference.<br></p>



<p>After that, the discussion moved into a Q&amp;A session.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Thoughts after taking part</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22173" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555898861939337;width:458px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p>This event was organised primarily by Rachel, who is standing as a candidate in the ward elections this May in Dalston, together with Zoe, a sitting councillor. A large number of people attended, and the event was a great success.</p>



<p>Holding a free event like this for local residents and bringing in professionals to offer support can make a real difference for people who are struggling. It also highlighted the way Green Party members tend to act from the perspective of residents, rather than simply promoting their party.<br><br><br>If both of them are elected as councillors for Dalston, it would be a major gain for the local community.<br></p>



<p>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p>*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/knowledge-lab/">Hackneyのリースホルダー問題とは？Dalstonで行われたKnowledge Hubイベントをレポート</a></p>
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		<title>Hackneyのリースホルダー問題とは？Dalstonで行われたKnowledge Hubイベントをレポート</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/knowledge-lab/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Tue, 24 Feb 2026 01:01:04 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[life in the UK]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22157</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[サービスチャージや管理権をめぐり、多くのリースホルダーが悩むHackney。Dalstonで開かれた無料イベント「Knowledge Hub」には、多くの住民が集まりました。]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br>最近、Green Party が主催する、問題を抱えているリースホルダーの人たちのための Q&amp;A イベントがダルストンで行われたので、顔を出してきました。<br><br><br>「リースホルダー」という言葉自体は以前から知っていましたが、正直なところ、イベントに参加するまで、その意味をきちんと理解していなかったのが実情です。<br><br>(勝手に、家賃を払ってフラットを借りている人は、みんなリースホルダーだと思ってました。)</p>



<p><br>というわけで今回の記事は、地元で何が起こっているのかを知る良い機会でもあり、実のところ自分自身の勉強のために、知ったかぶりの顔で参加したイベントのレポートです。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">リースホルダーとは何ぞや？</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22170" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556161098697476;width:478px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/MinimumViablePhotographer-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by MinimumViablePhotographer</figcaption></figure>



<p>まず、「lease」という言葉ですが、日本語では<br><br><br>賃貸借契約<br>賃貸期間<br>借家権<br>使用権<br><br><br>などの意味になります。<br><br><br>日本では、土地と建物を完全に所有するのが一般的なため、「leasehold」という概念自体がそもそもあまり馴染みのないものではないでしょうか？<br></p>



<p><br>ところがイギリスでは、<br><br><strong>フラット</strong> <strong>=</strong> <strong>leasehold</strong> <br><br>というのが、ごく普通で、ネイティブにとっては、ほぼ常識レベルの前提知識として扱われているようです。<br><br><br><br>って事は、家賃を払ってフラットをレントしている自分も、leaseholder なんやなと思いきや、実は全然違うらしい&#8230; 。<br><br><br><br><br><strong>leaseholder</strong> とは、僕のような毎年契約を更新している<strong>テナントとは違い</strong>、</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">フラットを買っているが、完全所有というわけではなく、99年、125年、999年といった長期間の権利を持つ人のことを言い、土地や建物全体の所有者（freeholder）は別に存在する</h4>



<p><br>という状態の人の事なんだそうです。</p>



<p><br>したがって、leaseholderと呼ばれる人たちは、家を所有しているように見えるけど、 freeholder には <strong>ground rent</strong>（土地代）と <strong>service charge</strong>（管理費）を払い続けなければならないという現実があるようです。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">ダルストンのQ&amp;Aで見えた、リースホルダーの現実</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22164" style="width:448px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/c801b9fd0e99b0e97046d77027c06d39-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">右からHackney Green PartyのRachelさん、Zoëさん、奥がAlastairさん。</figcaption></figure>



<p>当日、会場であるダルストンの <strong>Hackney Community Centre</strong> に到着すると、おなじみの Green Party の顔ぶれがセットアップを進めており、司会を務めるアントワネットさんと、参加者の質問に答えるプロフェッショナルたちが打ち合わせをしていました。<br><br><br>そうこうしている間に、あれよあれよという間に人が集まり、会場は一気に満員に。こうしてイベントはキックオフ。</p>



<p><br>トップバッターは、lease しているフラット（一軒家をいくつかに分けた建物）の建物のドアが壊れたまま1年間放ったらかしにされているのにもかかわらず、2年間でサービスチャージが２倍に膨れ上がり、これでは自分がフラットから出る際に買い手が見つからなくなってしまうという、厳しい状態を切り抜けたアンバーさん。<br><br>彼女は、<a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.gov.uk/right-to-manage-a-guide-for-landlords"><strong>Right to Manage</strong></a>を利用して、freeholder からマネージメントの権利をtake over した際の経験から、そのノウハウを語ってくれました。<br></p>



<p><br>続いては、<a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://anthonygold.co.uk"><strong>Anthony Gold Solicitors</strong></a> からイアンさん。<br><br>彼は、freeholder から建物の管理権を引き継ぐことができる Right to manage と同じ査定のレベルで leaseholder が団結して freehold の権利を購入する &#8220;Collective Enfranchisement&#8221; という別の選択肢についても説明。これは、建物に対する完全なコントロールが得られると非常に強力な方法だそうです。<br><br>さらに、まだまだ検討段階のようですが、&#8221;Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act 2024&#8243; という新しい法律の動きにも触れ、将来的に政府が延長権利を強化する可能性がある事、サービスチャージの論争を First-tier Tribunal に持ち込む際の注意点についても説明していました。<br><br></p>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="450" height="700" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22159" style="aspect-ratio:0.6428742843429669;width:252px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder.jpg 450w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/lease-holder-193x300.jpg 193w" sizes="(max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px" /></figure>



<p><br>最後は、<strong><a rel="nofollow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.leaseholdknowledge.com">Leasehold Knowledge Partnership</a></strong> のマーティンさん。<br><br><br>彼は、さらに &#8220;Leasehold and Freehold Reform Act 2024&#8221; の内容を深く説明。<br><br><br>これまでは、First-tier Tribunal で勝つことができても、自分の弁護士費用を回収することができず、さらに freeholder 側が自分の弁護士費用を service charge に上乗せして請求することもあったので、leaseholder 側は常に不利な立場にありました。<br><br><br>ところが、2024年法では、freeholder が自分の訴訟費用を簡単に転嫁できないよう制限されるので、将来的には、勝てば費用を回収できる可能性が出てきたとのこと。<br></p>



<p>また、法廷では、自分の持っている証拠のほうが相手の証拠よりも正確であることを証明しなければならので、<strong>日頃から証拠を集めておくことが非常に重要</strong>だと言っていたのが印象的でした。<br><br><br>freeholder 側は、自分たちはプロフェッショナルであり、通常どおり正しいことをしているだけで、leaseholder 側は知識がなく複雑な内容を理解できていないために過剰反応しているにすぎない、という主張をすることが多いそうです。Tribunal ではその主張が通ってしまうケースも少なくないため、証拠集めが重要なカギとなるようです。<br></p>



<p>そして、その後は Q&amp;A と流れていきました。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">参加して感じたこと</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22173" style="width:446px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/dalston-zoe-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /></figure>



<p>今回のイベントは、今年5月に行われる区議会議員選挙にダルストン区から立候補しているレイチェルさんと、現職の区議会議員であるゾイさんが中心となって開催されたものでしたが、大勢の人たちが出席し、会場は大盛況でした。</p>



<p>地元住民のために、参加費無料でこのようなプロフェッショナルを招いたイベントを開催することは、困っている人たちにとってはすごく助かるだろうし、あらためて Green Party の人たちは、自分たちの党のためというよりも、市民の立場に立って行動する政党なのだと感じさせられました。<br><br><br>この2人がそろってダルストンの区議会議員になることができれば、地域住民にとっても非常に大きなベネフィットになるだろうと思います。<br><br><br><br>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p>*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/knowledge-lab-english/">Leaseholder Rights Explained: Inside the Green Party Q&amp;A Event in Dalston</a></p>
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		<title>CO₂ Emissions by Transport Mode: Cars, Trains, Buses, and Flights Compared</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 09 Feb 2026 11:38:27 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22119</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Even when travelling the same distance, CO₂ emissions can vary dramatically depending on how we move. This article breaks down the carbon footprint of cars, trains, buses, and flights.]]></description>
										<content:encoded><![CDATA[
<p><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p><a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food-english/">In the previous article</a>, I explored how different types of diets affect our carbon footprint.</p>



<p>But after food, one of the biggest sources of CO₂ emissions is&nbsp;&#8216;<strong>transport</strong>&#8216;&nbsp;— which is what I want to focus on this time.</p>



<p>By gaining a rough understanding of carbon footprints in transport, there are many ways we can help create a society that’s safer and more livable, not just for us, but for the next generation as well.<br><br></p>



<p>However, before we get into that, the way we look at carbon footprints differs slightly between food and transport. So let’s quickly get that straight first.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">Food is used up every time we consume it, so it needs to be produced again each time. Transport, by contrast, is made once and used over and over again, so in everyday discussions, the emissions from making it are usually left out.</h5>



<p><br><br>With this in mind, I’d like you to continue reading.<br></p>



<p><br><strong>*Just as in the previous article on food, I use “CO₂” here for the sake of clarity to mean total greenhouse gas emissions. In practice, this includes other gases such as methane and is measured as CO₂e.</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">CO₂ emissions per km by transport mode</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22063" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555690587591906;width:520px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image by shivaphotographyy</figcaption></figure>



<p>The amount of CO₂ emitted from travel differs significantly depending on how we get around.<br><br></p>



<p>To begin with, let’s look at how much carbon footprint is generated <strong>when one person travels one kilometre</strong>, depending on the mode of transport&#8230;<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Walking or cycling : almost zero<br>Train : about 20〜30g<br>Bus : around 80g<br>Private car (petrol) : about 150〜200g</strong></h4>



<p><br><br>At this point, you might be wondering why private cars have higher emissions than buses.<br>The main reason is that <strong>they are far less efficient in terms of the number of people they carry.</strong><br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">Buses and trains move lots of people at the same time, so their emissions are shared. Private cars, by contrast, usually carry only one or two people, so the emissions cannot be shared in the same way.</h5>



<p><br><br><br><strong>&#8230;And when you fly, the carbon footprint increases dramatically. </strong><br><br><br><br>On short-haul flights, such as London to Paris or Tokyo to Osaka, <strong>emissions can easily exceed 250 g per kilometre</strong>.<br><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-13 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/bubble-00001-new.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p>Planes use the most fuel when taking off and climbing. On short flights, this inefficient part of the trip makes up a bigger proportion, so emissions per kilometre are higher.</p>
</div></div>



<p><br><br>So, as you can see, <strong>even if you go the same distance, the emissions can be many times higher or lower just depending on how you travel</strong>.<br><br><br><br>And to put it into perspective, that’s about the same kind of difference you’d see between a diet focused on beef and one based mostly on beans and vegetables.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">How everyday travel emissions add up over time</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22065" style="width:470px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by JonPauling</figcaption></figure>



<p>When it comes to the carbon footprint of transport, air travel for trips often gets the most attention.<br><br><br>But daily travel, like commuting to work or school, can add up to a significant amount over a year.<br></p>



<p><br>Let’s take a 10 km one-way commute as an example.</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Driving 20 km round-trip in a<strong> private car</strong> with just one person produces about <strong>3〜4kg</strong> of CO₂ per day. By contrast, traveling the same distance by <strong>train</strong> keeps emissions down to around <strong>0.5kg</strong>.</h4>



<p><br><br>On a day-to-day basis, the difference might feel like only a few kilos, but it really adds up.<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">If this is repeated five days a week for a year, a private car produces roughly 800kg of CO₂, while taking the train results in about 100kg — <strong>a difference of around 700kg</strong>.</h5>



<p><br><br><strong>This is equivalent to the emissions from taking several short-haul flights!</strong><br><br></p>



<p>*London to Paris is around 340km, and Tokyo to Osaka is about 400〜500 km, so let’s take an average of 400km…<br><br>250g × 400km = 100,000g (100kg of CO₂),<br><br>which is equivalent to about seven flights.<br><br><br><br>In short, it’s not just your special trips that matter — the way you travel every day really affects your carbon footprint.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The sharp rise in CO₂ emissions from air travel</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22066" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556108980425363;width:508px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by patrick-campanale</figcaption></figure>



<p>Even so, we need to keep in mind <strong>the effect of flying</strong>.<br><br><br>Compared to other ways of getting around, aeroplanes emit a lot more CO₂ in just one trip.</p>



<p><br><br>For instance&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">A round-trip flight between Tokyo and Seoul generates <strong>about 300〜400kg</strong> of CO₂.<br><br>A long-haul flight from Tokyo to London produces <strong>roughly 1.5〜2tonnes</strong>.</h5>



<p><br><br>This shows that a single long-distance flight can equal several months — or even a year — of emissions from everyday life.<br></p>



<p><strong>All the emissions you might save by adjusting your diet for a whole year can be easily wiped out by just a single flight.</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">So, what can we do?</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22123" style="width:504px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by saurav-mahto</figcaption></figure>



<p>You don’t have to be perfect with your diet or the way you travel. Just making small choices where you can still helps cut CO₂ emissions.<br></p>



<p>That said, there’s one more reality we shouldn’t overlook.<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>This means that, if the people who produce most of the emissions don’t change their ways, overall cuts won’t keep up.</strong></h5>



<p><br><br>Not everyone contributes equally to climate change.<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>The top 10% of the world’s wealthy population produce more than 50% of total emissions worldwide.</strong></h4>



<p><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-17 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bubble-0002.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p>Among them are people who take dozens of flights a year for work or leisure, as well as those using private jets that emit huge amounts of CO₂ in a single trip.</p>
</div></div>



<p><br><br><strong>As long as high-emission travel goes unchecked, no matter how many people start walking, cycling, or taking public transport, we just won’t get the overall reductions we need. </strong><br><br><br><br>That’s why, alongside our personal efforts, we need to come together and push for rules and systems that put a real limit on these high-emission ways of traveling.<br></p>



<p><br><br>Choosing to walk, cycle, or take public transport.<br><br>And at the same time, speaking up and putting pressure on politicians.<br><br><br><br>It’s only by doing both that a realistic path to slowing global temperature rise comes into view.<br><br></p>



<p>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p>*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport/">私たちの移動はどれだけ地球を温めているのか？カーボンフットプリントで考える</a></p>
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		<title>私たちの移動はどれだけ地球を温めているのか？カーボンフットプリントで考える</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Sun, 01 Feb 2026 19:26:13 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22061</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[私たちが日常的に使う車や電車、飛行機は、どれほどのCO₂を排出しているのでしょうか。移動のカーボンフットプリントを通して、交通と気候変動の関係を考えます。]]></description>
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<p><br><br>どうも。コンカズ&nbsp;(<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>)&nbsp;と申します。<br><br><br><br><a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food/">前回の記事</a>では、食事のタイプによって生じるカーボンフットプリントについて取り上げましたが、食事の次に多くのCO₂を排出しているのが、今回のテーマである「<strong>移動</strong>」。<br><br><br>この「移動」の分野においても、カーボンフットプリントの大まかな知識を身につけておくことで、私たち自身はもちろん、次の世代が安全に暮らせる社会づくりに貢献できることが色々とあります。<br><br><br><br>&#8230; が、ちょっとその内容に入る前に、食べ物と移動手段では、カーボンフットプリントの捉え方が少し異なってくるので、ここで考え方の前提を整理しておきます。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">食べ物は消費するたびになくなるため、その度に新たな生産が必要になりますが、乗り物は一度作られたものを繰り返し使うため、日常的な利用においては製造段階の排出は通常カウントされません。</h5>



<p><br><br>この前提を頭に入れたうえで、読み進めていただければと思います。<br><br></p>



<p><br><strong>*前回の食事の記事と同様に、ここでは分かりやすさを優先し、温室効果ガス全体の排出量を「CO₂」と表記しています。実際には、メタンなども含めた「CO₂換算（CO₂e）」の値となります。</strong><br></p>



<p></p>



<p></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">移動手段ごとの1kmあたりのCO₂排出量</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22063" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555992914780554;width:524px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/24d6e8717fae3012af2ee436252eb2ba-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image by shivaphotographyy</figcaption></figure>



<p>移動によるCO₂の排出は、その手段によってかなりの差が出てきます。<br><br><br><br>まずは、<strong>1人が1km移動した場合</strong>のカーボンフットプリントの排出量ですが、以下のようになります。<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">徒歩や自転車 :  <strong>0g</strong>に近い<br>電車 :  <strong>約20〜30g</strong><br>バス :  <strong>約80g</strong><br>自家用車 (ガソリン車) :  <strong>約150〜200g</strong></h4>



<p><br><br>ここで、なぜ自家用車の方が、バスよりも排出量が高くなるのか？という疑問を持つ方もいらっしゃると思いますが、<strong>人数効率が圧倒的に悪いから</strong>と言うのが、その理由です。<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">電車やバスの場合は、多くの人を同時に運ぶため、排出量を「人数」で割ることができますが、自家用車の場合、大抵1人か2人となってくるため、排出量を分担できないというのが原因となります。</h5>



<p><br><br><br><strong>そして、飛行機を利用すると、カーボンフットプリントの差は一気に広がります。</strong><br><br><br><br>特に短距離路線 (ロンドンーパリ、東京ー大阪などのフライト時間が短い路線) では、<strong>1kmあたり250g以上</strong>になることも珍しくないようです。<br><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-13 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/bubble-00001-new.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p>飛行機は、離陸と上昇時に最も燃料を使うため、短距離だと燃費の悪い区間の割合が大きくなり、1kmあたりの排出量が高くなります。</p>
</div></div>



<p><br><br>以上のことから、<strong>移動距離が同じでも、どの手段を選ぶかだけで排出量が何倍にも変わってくる</strong>ことが理解できます。<br><br><br><br>食事の例をとってみると、「牛肉中心」の食事と「豆や野菜中心」の食事の違いと同じくらいの差が、移動手段の選び方だけで生まれていると考えると、分かりやすいかもしれません。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">日常の移動から出るCO₂の蓄積</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22065" style="width:488px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/JonPauling-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by JonPauling</figcaption></figure>



<p>移動によるカーボンフットプリントというと、旅行などの飛行機移動が注目されがちです。<br><br><br>しかし、日々の通勤や通学といった移動も、年間で見ると決して小さなものではありません。<br><br></p>



<p>例えば、片道10kmの通勤を考えてみます。</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">往復20kmを<strong>自家用車</strong> (1人乗り) で移動した場合、1日あたりのCO₂の排出量は<strong>約3〜4kg</strong>となります。一方で、同じ距離を<strong>電車</strong>で移動すると、排出量は<strong>約0.5kg</strong>程度に抑えられます。</h4>



<p><br><br>1日単位で見ると、「ほんの数キロの違い」にしか感じられないかもしれませんが、この差は積み重なってくると、かなりデカいです。<br><br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">これを週5ペースで1年間続けると、自家用車では約800kg、電車では約100kgほどの排出量となり、<strong>その差はなんと約700kg</strong>にまで広がってくるわけです。</h5>



<p><br><br><strong>これは、短距離の飛行機移動を何度も行った場合に匹敵する排出量です！</strong><br><br></p>



<p>*ロンドンーパリ : 約340km、東京ー大阪 : 約400〜500kmなので、平均400kmとすると&#8230;<br><br>250g x 400km = 100,000g （=100kgのCO₂）<br><br>となり、7回分のフライトと計算することができます。<br></p>



<p><br>というわけで、特別な旅行だけじゃなくて、日々の移動手段の選択が、私たちのカーボンフットプリントに大きく影響していることが理解できると思います。</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">飛行機移動で一気に増えるCO₂</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22066" style="aspect-ratio:1.5556019194658877;width:516px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/patrick-campanale-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">c</figcaption></figure>



<p>とは言うものの、やはり知っておかなければならないのが、<strong>飛行機移動の影響</strong>。<br><br><br>移動手段の中でも、飛行機は一回の利用で排出されるCO₂が突出して多いのが特徴です。<br><br><br><br>例えば&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">東京とソウルを往復すると、排出されるCO₂は<strong>約300〜400kg</strong>。<br><br>東京からロンドンまでの長距離フライトでは、<strong>約1.5〜2トン</strong>。</h5>



<p><br>となり、特に長距離フライトでは、たった一度の移動が、日常生活で何か月分、場合によっては1年分に相当する排出量になることもあります。<br></p>



<p><br><strong>食事を1年間見直して減らした排出量が、一度のフライトで簡単に吹っ飛ばされてしまう事にもなってしまうわけです。</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">最後に</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-22122" style="aspect-ratio:1.55560056714604;width:504px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/02/4-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by saurav-mahto</figcaption></figure>



<p>食事も移動も、完璧を目指す必要はありません。できる範囲での小さな選択でも、CO₂排出は確実に減らすことができます。<br><br><br><br>ただし、もう一つ忘れてはいけない現実があります。<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>それは、排出量の大部分を占める層の行動が変わらなければ、全体の削減は追いつかないということです。</strong></h5>



<p><br><br><br>気候変動への影響は、すべての人が等しく与えているわけではありません。<br></p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>世界の富裕層上位10％が、世界全体の排出量の50％以上を生み出しているという事実があります。</strong></h4>



<p><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-17 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bubble-0002.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p>その中には、仕事や余暇で年に何十回も飛行機に搭乗する人々や、一度の移動で膨大なCO₂を排出するプライベートジェットを利用する層も含まれています。</p>
</div></div>



<p><br><br><strong>こうした高排出な移動が野放しのままでは、徒歩や自転車、公共交通を選ぶ人が増えても、全体の削減はどうあがいても追いつきません。</strong><br><br><br><br>だからこそ、私たち一人ひとりの努力に加えて、皆が団結して、これら高排出な移動にきちんと歯止めをかける制度やルールを求めていくことが必要なのです。<br></p>



<p><br>徒歩や自転車、公共交通を選ぶこと。<br><br>そして同時に、声を上げ、政治に圧力をかけていくこと。<br><br><br><br>その両方があってはじめて、気温上昇を食い止める現実的な道が見えてくるのだと思います。<br><br><br></p>



<p>それではまた。<br><br>コンカズ</p>



<p>*この記事の英語ヴァージョンはこちらから<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-transport-english/">CO₂ Emissions by Transport Mode: Cars, Trains, Buses, and Flights Compared</a></p>
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		<title>Carbon Footprint of Food: How Your Daily Meals Impact CO₂ Emissions</title>
		<link>https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food-english/</link>
		
		<dc:creator><![CDATA[konkaz]]></dc:creator>
		<pubDate>Mon, 19 Jan 2026 19:11:58 +0000</pubDate>
				<category><![CDATA[climate change]]></category>
		<guid isPermaLink="false">https://www.konkaz.com/?p=22025</guid>

					<description><![CDATA[Discover how different foods—from beef to beans—affect your carbon footprint and contribute to CO₂ emissions in your daily meals.]]></description>
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<p><br><br>Hi! It’s konkaz (<a rel="noopener nofollow" target="_blank" href="https://twitter.com/konkazuk"><strong>@konkazuk</strong></a>).</p>



<p>In the last article,&nbsp;<em>“<a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-average-english/">CO₂ Emissions Per Day Per Person: Real Numbers You Can Relate To</a></em>”, we looked at roughly how much CO₂ the average person produces in a single day.</p>



<p>This time, we’re turning our attention to food, which is often said to make up about 20 to 30 percent of a person’s carbon footprint, and exploring how different kinds of meals lead to different levels of CO₂ emissions using real world examples.<br><br></p>



<p><strong>* To keep things simple, this article uses “CO₂” to describe overall greenhouse gas emissions. In reality, the numbers represent CO₂ equivalents (CO₂e), which also include gases like methane.</strong></p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">The carbon footprint of what we eat</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/alex-haney.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21961" style="aspect-ratio:1.555594507741747;width:450px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/alex-haney.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/alex-haney-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Alex Haney</figcaption></figure>



<p>First, let’s quickly recap the idea of carbon footprint.<br><br></p>



<p>A carbon footprint refers to&#8230; </p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>the total amount of greenhouse gases emitted throughout the entire life cycle of a product, service, organisation, or activity, including its production, use, and disposal.</strong></h4>



<p><br><br><br>When we talk about the carbon footprint of food, it covers all the steps involved, whether the food is cooked or not:</p>



<p>&#8211; Growing the ingredients<br>&#8211; Processing them<br>&#8211; Transporting them<br>&#8211; Keeping them in the fridge<br>&#8211; Cooking<br>&#8211; Throwing away food waste</p>



<p><br>All the CO₂ from these steps adds up to the meal’s carbon footprint.</p>



<p><br>This means that the total CO₂ from our meals can change a lot depending on what we choose to eat. As a rough guide, food-related emissions are often described like this&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">▫️&nbsp;<strong>Beef</strong>&nbsp;→ very high<br>▫️&nbsp;<strong>Pork and chicken</strong>&nbsp;→ medium<br>▫️&nbsp;<strong>Fish, eggs, and dairy</strong>&nbsp;→ fairly low<br>▫️&nbsp;<strong>Beans, vegetables, and grains</strong>&nbsp;→ very low</h5>



<p><br>So here, we’ll go through these four categories one by one and look at their carbon footprints using real examples and numbers.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Beef dishes </strong>(high emissions)</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/kyle-mackie.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21963" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555769046017869;width:494px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/kyle-mackie.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/kyle-mackie-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by kyle-mackie</figcaption></figure>



<p>To start with, <strong>beef is a typical example of a food with the highest carbon footprint</strong>.</p>



<p><br>The carbon footprint of producing 1 kilogram of beef, including everything from production to transport and retail, is estimated to be around 25 to 60 kilograms of CO₂.<br><br><br><br>Taking an average, it is often simplified to about..</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>30 kilograms of CO₂ per kilogram</strong>.</h4>



<p><br><br><br>And one of the main reasons beef has a higher carbon footprint than other meats is that&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>cows are ruminant animals and release large amounts of methane during digestion.</strong></h5>



<p><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-13 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/09/bubble-00001-new.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p><strong>Methane is about&nbsp;28 times more powerful than CO₂&nbsp;when it comes to warming the planet.</strong></p>
</div></div>



<p><br>In addition, producing feed requires large amounts of land, which often leads to deforestation and related CO₂ emissions. Cattle also take a long time to grow, making energy use less efficient.</p>



<p></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading"><br><br><br>🔹 <strong>How much CO₂ does one beef meal produce?</strong></h6>



<p>If we look at beef sold in Japanese supermarkets, portion sizes are generally&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">Thinly sliced or cut beef: <strong>150〜250g</strong><br>One steak: <strong>180〜250g</strong><br>A yakiniku portion for one person: <strong>around 200g</strong></h4>



<p><br><br>So, it’s fair to think of&nbsp;<strong>about 200 grams as a typical serving size</strong>.<br><br><br><br>Meanwhile, in the UK, steak is typically sold in packs of around&nbsp;<strong>250 grams</strong>, so it’s reasonable to think of&nbsp;<strong>about 250 grams as one serving</strong>.</p>



<p><br><br>Therefore, based on an estimated carbon footprint of&nbsp;about 30 kilograms of CO₂ per kilogram of beef, this gives the following emissions per meal&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">🇯🇵&nbsp;0.2kg × 30kg = <strong>around 6kg </strong>of CO₂<br>🇬🇧&nbsp;0.25kg × 30kg = <strong>around 7.5kg </strong>of CO₂</h5>



<p><br><br><br>*Just to clarify: the 2〜3 kg of CO₂ per beef meal mentioned in the <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-average-english/">previous article</a> was based on meals like gyudon or convenience-store bentos, which typically use only 50100 g of beef. If you’re eating steak or yakiniku, where you might consume around 200 g of beef, the emissions can jump to around 6 kg of CO₂ for a single meal.</p>



<p><br><strong>Examples</strong><br><br>One beef bowl (gyudon)&nbsp;<br>➔ 0.07kg × 30kg =&nbsp;about 2kg of CO₂<br><br>200 g of grilled beef (yakiniku)&nbsp;<br>➔ 0.2kg × 30kg =&nbsp;about 6kg of CO₂<br><br>One steak&nbsp;<br>➔ 0.25kg × 30kg =&nbsp;about 7.5kg of CO₂</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Pork and chicken dishes (moderate emissions)</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/republica-1.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21965" style="width:476px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/republica-1.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/republica-1-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by republica</figcaption></figure>



<p>Next, let’s look at pork and chicken.<br><br><br>While their emissions are lower than beef, they still generate a fair amount of CO₂.</p>



<p><br><br>For pork and chicken, the numbers look like this&#8230;<br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Pork : about&nbsp;10〜13kg </strong>of CO₂ per kilogram<br><strong>Chicken : about</strong>&nbsp;<strong>5〜7kg</strong> of CO₂ per kilogram</h5>



<p><br><br>Both are much lower than beef.</p>



<p><br><br><strong>Pigs and chickens are not ruminant animals like cows</strong>, so they produce very little methane during digestion. They also grow faster and need less feed to gain weight, which helps keep emissions lower. <br><br><br>However, there are still emissions from growing feed and dealing with animal waste, so the impact is not zero.<br><br></p>



<p>If we compare them to beef for the same 1 kilogram&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Pork&nbsp;: about&nbsp;1/2 to 1/3&nbsp;of beef’s emissions</strong><br><strong>Chicken</strong>&nbsp;<strong>: about&nbsp;1/5&nbsp;of beef’s emissions</strong></h4>



<p><br><br>This clearly shows why chicken is often said to have the&nbsp;lowest carbon footprint&nbsp;among meats.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Fish, eggs, and dairy (lower emissions)</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/CohesionSingapore.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21966" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555803322555468;width:500px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/CohesionSingapore.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/CohesionSingapore-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image by CohesionSingapore</figcaption></figure>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">▪️CO₂ emissions from fish</h6>



<p>Fish are usually seen as a greener choice than meat, but in fact, CO₂ emissions can vary quite a bit depending on how the fish are caught or farmed.<br></p>



<p>Here’s a table with some typical examples&#8230;</p>



<figure class="wp-block-table aligncenter"><div class="scrollable-table"><table class="has-fixed-layout"><tbody><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Type of seafood</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Examples</strong></td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Carbon Footprint</strong> </td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center"><strong>Key reason</strong></td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Farmed fish</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Salmon</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">About 4〜6kg</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Energy use and feed production</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Small wild fish</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Sardines, mackere</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">About 1〜3kg</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">No feed and efficient fishing methods</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Bivalve shellfish</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Mussels, oysters</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Less than 1kg</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Naturally feed on plankton</td></tr><tr><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Crustaceans</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">Shrimp, crab</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">5〜10kg or more</td><td class="has-text-align-center" data-align="center">High energy use in both farming and fishing</td></tr></tbody></table></div></figure>



<p><br>As you can see, despite the common image of seafood as low-carbon, crustaceans are among the higher emitters within this category.<br></p>



<p>One important thing to keep in mind is the fishing method.&nbsp;For example, <strong>bottom trawling uses large amounts of fuel</strong>, which can significantly increase emissions even for the same type of fish.<br><br><br>In other words, not only the species itself, but also&nbsp;<em>how</em>&nbsp;the fish is caught is a key factor in understanding its carbon footprint.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h6 class="wp-block-heading">▪️CO₂ emissions from eggs and dairy products</h6>



<p>Eggs and dairy products are generally thought to have a higher carbon footprint than plant-based foods, but a lower one than meat.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Eggs :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 4〜5kg</strong> of CO₂ per kilogram<br><strong>Milk :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 1〜2kg</strong> of CO₂ per kilogram</h5>



<p><br><br>However, one food that is often overlooked is cheese. Because producing cheese requires large amounts of milk, its carbon footprint ends up being quite high.</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Cheese :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 8〜13kg</strong> of CO₂ per kilogram</h5>



<p><br><br>Cheese actually has higher emissions than chicken, and for some varieties and production methods, it can be roughly on par with pork.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">Beans, vegetables, and grains (very low emissions)</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/ha11ok.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21967" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555681753648702;width:512px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/ha11ok.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/ha11ok-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">Image by ha11ok</figcaption></figure>



<p>And finally, there’s plant-based food — things like beans, vegetables, and grains.<br><br><br>In short, their<strong> overall carbon footprint is quite low</strong>, making them one of the least environmentally impactful groups in our diet.<br><br></p>



<p>The carbon footprint for producing 1 kilogram of these foods is roughly&#8230;</p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading"><strong>Legumes (soybeans, lentils, etc.) :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 0.5〜2kg</strong> CO₂<br><strong>Rice :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 2〜4kg</strong> CO₂<br><strong>Wheat and bread :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 1〜1.5kg</strong> CO₂<br><strong>Vegetables (potatoes, carrots, etc.) :</strong>&nbsp;<strong>about 0.2〜0.8kg</strong> CO₂</h5>



<p><br><br>Rice tends to have a slightly higher carbon footprint due to methane emissions from paddies, but it is still <strong>far lower than that of meat or fish</strong>.</p>



<p><br>The reasons for this include&#8230;</p>



<h4 class="wp-block-heading">▫️Plant-based foods are eaten directly, without going through livestock, making them more efficient.<br>▫️They produce almost no methane, unlike ruminant animals.<br>▫️They generally require less land, water, and energy to produce.</h4>



<p><br></p>



<div class="wp-block-cocoon-blocks-balloon-ex-box-1 speech-wrap sb-id-16 sbs-flat sbp-r sbis-cn cf block-box not-nested-style cocoon-block-balloon" style="--cocoon-custom-background-color:#ebf8f4;--cocoon-custom-border-color:#ebf8f4"><div class="speech-person"><figure class="speech-icon"><img decoding="async" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/bubble-0004.jpg" alt="" class="speech-icon-image"/></figure><div class="speech-name"></div></div><div class="speech-balloon has-background has-border-color has-watery-green-background-color has-watery-green-border-color">
<p>Put simply, their production is straightforward, with minimal energy wasted.</p>
</div></div>



<p><br><br>When you compare them, <strong>the same amount of emissions can make 15〜50kg of beans, but just 1kg of beef.</strong><br><br><br>The difference here is huge.<br><br><br><br>Of course, beans and meat have different kinds of amino acids, but eating mostly meat for your protein clearly ends up speeding up environmental destruction.</p>



<p><br></p>



<h2 class="wp-block-heading">  Summary</h2>



<figure class="wp-block-image aligncenter size-full is-resized"><img loading="lazy" decoding="async" width="700" height="450" src="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Tawnyowl.jpg" alt="" class="wp-image-21973" style="aspect-ratio:1.5555769046017869;width:532px;height:auto" srcset="https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Tawnyowl.jpg 700w, https://www.konkaz.com/wp-content/uploads/2026/01/Tawnyowl-300x193.jpg 300w" sizes="(max-width: 700px) 100vw, 700px" /><figcaption class="wp-element-caption">image by Tawnyowl</figcaption></figure>



<p>From all of this, it should be clear that what we eat every day can make a big difference in the amount of greenhouse gases we emit.<br></p>



<p><br><strong>The key takeaway is that beef has a major impact on the overall carbon footprint of our meals.</strong></p>



<p>Even among meats, the emissions can vary a lot depending on the type.<br><br></p>



<h5 class="wp-block-heading">The important point is not necessarily to eliminate certain foods entirely, but to be mindful of how much and how often we eat them.</h5>



<p><br>Just cutting back on beef and switching to chicken, fish, or beans can really slash your greenhouse gas footprint.<br></p>



<p><br>By around 2050, if the global average temperature rises by 2°C compared to pre-industrial levels, we could face a serious global food crisis.<br><br><br><strong>To prevent this from happening, we must limit global warming to under 1.5°C by 2030.</strong><br><br><br><strong>And to achieve this, each of us needs to keep our daily CO₂ emissions to around 6 kilograms or less.</strong><br></p>



<p>With these points in mind, let’s pay close attention to what we eat every day.</p>



<p><br>Until next time,<br><br>konkaz</p>



<p>*You can read this blog post in Japanese from the link below.<br>👉 <a rel="follow noopener" target="_blank" href="https://www.konkaz.com/carbon-footprint-food/">私たちの食事はどれくらいCO₂を排出しているのか？食品別にわかりやすく解説</a></p>
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